USS Wyoming (BB-32) - US Navy

USS Wyoming (BB-32) - US Navy USS Wyoming  (BB-32) - Overview: Nation:  United States Type:  Battleship Shipyard:  William Cramp Sons, Philadelphia, PA Laid Down:  February 9, 1910 Launched:  May 25, 1911 Commissioned:  September 25, 1912 Fate:  Sold for Scrap USS Wyoming  (BB-32) - Specifications: Displacement:  26,000  tons Length:  562 ft. Beam:  93.1 ft. Draft:  28.5 ft. Propulsion:  12  Babcock and Wilcox  coal-fired boilers  with oil spray, 4-shaft  Parsons  direct-drive  steam turbines Speed:  20.5  knots Complement:  1,063  men​ Armament: 12 Ãâ€"  12-inch/50 caliber Mark 7  guns21 Ãâ€"  5/51 caliber guns2 Ãâ€" 21  torpedo tubes ​USS Wyoming  (BB-32) - Design: Originating at the 1908 Newport Conference, the Wyoming-class of battleship represented the US Navys fourth type of dreadnought after the earlier  -,  -, and  -classes.   The initial design came about through war games and discussions as the preceding classes had not yet entered service.   Key among the conferences conclusions was the need for increasingly larger calibers of main armament.   Through the latter part of 1908, debate ensued over the layout and armament of the new class with various configurations being considered.   On March 30, 1909, Congress approved construction of two Design 601 battleships.   This design called for a ship approximately 20% larger than the  Florida-class and mounting twelve 12 guns.    Designated USS Wyoming  (BB-32) and USS  Arkansas  (BB-33), the two ships of the new class were powered by twelve Babcock and Wilcox coal-fired boilers with direct drive turbines turning four propellers.   Layout of the main armament saw the twelve 12 guns spread through six twin turrets in  superfiring (one firing over the other) pairs forward, amidships, and aft.   To support the main battery, designers added twenty-one 5 guns with the majority mounted in individual casemates below the main deck. In addition, the battleships carried two 21 torpedo tubes.   For protection, the Wyoming-class possessed a main armor belt eleven inches thick.    Assigned to William Cramp Sons in Philadelphia, work commenced on  Wyoming  on February 9, 1910.   Moving ahead over the next fifteen months, the new battleship slid down the ways May 25, 1911, with Dorothy Knight, daughter of Wyoming Supreme Court Chief Justice Jesse Knight, serving as sponsor.   With the completion of construction,  Wyoming  shifted to the Philadelphia Navy Yard where it entered commission on September 25, 1912, with Captain Frederick L. Chapin in command.   Steaming north, the new battleship finished final fitting out at the New York Navy Yard before sailing to join the Atlantic Fleet. USS Wyoming (BB-32) - Early Service: Arriving at Hampton Roads on December 30,  Wyoming became flagship for Rear Admiral Charles J. Badger, commander of the Atlantic Fleet.   Departing the following week, the battleship steamed south to the Panama Canal construction site before conducting exercises off Cuba.   Returning north in March,  Wyoming  underwent minor repairs before returning to the fleet.   The remainder of the year saw the battleship engaged in routine peacetime activities until October when it sailed for the Mediterranean to make goodwill visits to  Malta, Italy, and France.   Returning home in December, Wyoming entered the yard at New York for a brief overhaul before joining the Atlantic Fleet off Cuba for winter maneuvers the following month. In May 1914, Wyoming steamed south with a contingent of troops to support the US occupation of Veracruz which had commenced a few weeks earlier.   Remaining in the area, the battleship assisted operations  relating to the occupation into the fall.   Following repairs at New York, Wyoming spent the next two years following the  US Navys standard cycle of maneuvers in  northern waters during the summer and  in the Caribbean  in the winter.   Having completed exercises off Cuba in late March 1917, the battleship found itself off  Yorktown, VA when word arrived that the United States had declared war on Germany  and entered World War I. USS Wyoming (BB-32) - World War I: For the next seven months, Wyoming operated in the Chesapeake training engineers for the fleet.   That fall, the battleship received orders to join USS New York (BB-34), USS Florida (BB-30), and USS Delaware (BB-28) in Battleship Division 9.   Led by Rear Admiral Hugh Rodman, this formation departed in November to reinforce Admiral Sir David Beattys British Grand Fleet at Scapa Flow.   Arriving in  December, the force was redesignated the 6th Battle Squadron.   Commencing combat operations in February 1918, the American ships aided in protecting convoys bound for Norway. Continuing similar operations through the year, Wyoming became the squadrons flagship in October after New York collided with a German U-boat.   With the conflicts end in November, the battleship sortied with the Grand Fleet on the 21st to escort the German High Seas Fleet into internment at Scapa Flow.   On December  12, Wyoming,  carrying new squadron commander Rear  Admiral William Sims, sailed for  France where it rendezvoused with SS George Washington which was transporting President Woodrow Wilson to the peace conference at Versailles.   Following a brief port call in Britain, the battleship left European waters and arrived  at New York on Christmas Day. USS Wyoming (BB-32) - Postwar Years: Briefly serving as flagship of Battleship Division 7, Wyoming aided in directing a flight Curtiss NC-1 flying  boats on a trans-Atlantic flight in May 1919.   Entering Norfolk Navy Yard in July, the battleship underwent a  modernization program in anticipation of its transfer to the Pacific.   Designated flagship of the Pacific Fleets Battleship Division 6, Wyoming departed for the West Coast later that summer and arrived at San Diego on August 6.   Conducting maneuvers through the following year, the battleship then cruised to  Valparaiso, Chile in early 1921.   Transferred back to the Atlantic  that August, Wyoming  embarked the Atlantic Fleets commander Admiral Hilary P. Jones.   Over the next six years, the  vessel resumed its previous cycle of peacetime training which was only punctuated by a European cruise in 1924 which included  visits to Britain, the  Netherlands, Gibraltar, and the Azores. In 1927, Wyoming arrived at the Philadelphia Navy Yard  for an extensive  modernization.  Ã‚   This saw the addition of anti-torpedo bulges, the installation of new oil-fired boilers, as well as some alterations to the superstructure.  Ã‚  Completing a shakedown cruise in December, Wyoming became flagship of Vice Admiral Ashley Robertsons Scouting Fleet.   In this role for three years, it also aided in training NROTC detachments from several universities.   After brief service with Battleship Division 2, the aging Wyoming was  pulled  from frontline service and assigned to Rear Admiral Harley H. Christys Training Squadron.   Placed in reduced commission in January 1931,  efforts commenced to demilitarize the battleship in accordance with the London Naval  Treaty.   This saw the anti-torpedo bulges,  half the main battery, and the ships side armor removed. USS Wyoming (BB-32) - Training Ship: Brought back to active service in May, Wyoming embarked a contingent of midshipmen from the US Naval Academy and NROTC cadets for a training cruise to  Europe and the Caribbean.   Redesignated AG-17 in August, the former battleship spent the next five years in a training role.   In 1937, while taking part in amphibious assault exercise off California, a 5 shell accidently exploded killing six and wounding eleven.   Later that year, Wyoming conducted a goodwill call to Kiel, Germany where its crew  visited the pocket battleship Admiral Graf Spee.   With the beginning of World War II in Europe in September 1939, the ship assumed a place in the Atlantic  Naval Reserve Force.   Two years later,  Wyoming  commenced conversion into a gunnery training ship. Beginning this duty in November 1941, Wyoming  was operating off Platts Bank when word was received of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.   As the US Navy expanded to meet the demands of a two-ocean  war, the old battleship remained engaged in training gunners for the fleet.   Earning the nickname Chesapeake Raider for its frequent appearances in the bay, Wyoming  continued in this duty until January 1944.   Entering the yard at Norfolk, it commenced a modernization which saw the removal of its remaining 12 guns and the conversion of the turrets into single and  dual mounts for 5  guns.   Resuming its training mission in April, Wyoming remained in this role until June 30, 1945.   Ordered north it joined the Operational Development Force and  aided in devising tactics to combat Japanese kamikazes. With the end of the war, Wyoming continued to operate with this force.   Ordered to  Norfolk in 1947, it arrived on July 11 and was decommissioned on August 1.   Stricken from the Naval Vessel Registry on September 16, Wyoming was sold for scrap the following month.   Transferred to New York, this work began that December. Selected Sources: DANFS: USS  Wyoming  (BB-32)NHHC: USS  Wyoming  (BB-32)MaritimeQuest: USS  Wyoming  (BB-32)

Reflection of "Slingshot assignment #1 AET Movie Review

Reflection of "Slingshot assignment #1 AET - Movie Review Example Tom, Jim and Tim introduce the video with facts about what used to take place during these historical times where drag racing took the better part of the entertainment. These experiences of people taking pleasure in drag racing, in the backyards during the World War II, gives me a clear insight of the tremendous changes that car racing has undergone. I was taken back by the extent that the spectators took the entire racing as a hobby. I have seen spectators making an event lively but, this one (drag racing) immerses spectators in far much undying feeling of entertaining speed and adrenaline. It is clear that the entire world adored drag racing, which could be a reason for the fast development and change of the sport. In this regard, the sport has seen the light of every new day with tremendous economic changes. These changes have made it even better than before, with many people sparing time to take part in the drag race. Previously, I was worried about the accidents that the drag racers would encounter while attempting to push maximum limits. I thought that this auto racing sport may be a bit unsafe for the racers. I noticed instances where the racers cause accidents. For example, cars exploding, considering that the racer is placed literally on the engine in such a case the results is fatal. Also, the neck breaking speed can easily shatter one into pieces considering the light weight of the machine.There is need for safety measures. If a racing machine can go extremely fast, then it is right to have specific safety measures employed, just in case something bad happens. This may include roll cages, safety clothing and harnessing or an entire modification of the racing machine. This is evident in the modern day racing where significant modifications have been put in place. As a result, safety has improved. From this experience, I learn that, in life, I can push an extra mile, as long as I have prepar ed well for the worst. I also had

Domestic Or Foreign Firms In China Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Domestic Or Foreign Firms In China - Essay Example Remuneration packages and salary increases Wang, Chen, Hyde and Hsieh (2010) recruited a sample of 260 different employees working within multi-national corporations in Shanghai in the semiconductor industry to determine the potential relationship between intention to leave and pay systems at the firms. The questionnaire instruments utilised for the study provided results that pay satisfaction was the most significant method for satisfying employees and reducing turnover intentions (Wang et al. 2010). Offering wages that were higher than the competitive environment within other firms substantially increased Chinese employees’ organisational commitment. Cotton and Tuttle (1986) support these findings, indicating that HR strategies involving the development of remuneration and bonus packages greatly improved organisational commitment and, hence, reduced employee intention to leave the organisation. Even though not all companies have the financial resources available to offer hig h quality remuneration packages, there are opportunities for even smaller Chinese firms to use some sort of monetary incentives in a culture that legitimately values the importance of pay. The study conducted by Cotton and Tuttle (1986) illustrates that pay values are significantly important for Chinese staff members, a phenomenon which has endured into contemporary Chinese businesses. Another study conducted by Ming, Zivlak and Ljubicic (2011) engaged a sampling of Chinese employees in the fashion retail sector. Research findings indicated that 78 percent of respondents cited pay dissatisfaction as the primary motivator for wanting to leave the organisation. Turnover rates at the four different organisations were between 26.69 percent and 36.45 percent (Ming et al. 2011),... This paper stresses that the majority of contemporary HR strategies being utilised in Chinese firms are largely successful. Establishment of participative leadership practices gives employees a greater sense of ownership and value within the organisation, causing them to remain committed and dedicated to the organisation. Coupled with the establishment of autonomous working environments provides the same motivation and dedication which has the opportunity to reduce turnover ratios. This report makes a conclusion that the most fundamental finding of the research is the shifting dynamics of manager-employee relationships that confounds the traditional model of management in which there is ample power distance. Giving employees more communications, information and opportunities to share their opinion and innovative solutions better satisfies Chinese employees, whether a product of adopting Western models of business management or whether as a product of an evolving and liberalising culture. The engagement quality between managers and employees cannot be under-emphasised and more HR leaders should be training managers and developing communications systems that provide for a more decentralised environment. The only potential hindrance to active HR policy in China, as illustrated by the research, is the extent to which autonomous working systems have been established and implemented. Stress and anxiety as two potential outcomes of working independently of management control should be major concerns for HR managers in China attempting to reduce turnover through policies allowing for self-sufficiency and self-evaluation.

Role of Roman Emperors in the Spread of Christianity Essay Example for Free

Role of Roman Emperors in the Spread of Christianity Essay The very cruelty and hate of Christianity that various Roman emperors exhibited actually worked in favor of that religion. As it is said, The blood of martyrs is the seed of the Church, for in many ways, persecution was beneficial to the new religion. Persecution gave the Christians a chance to flex their spiritual muscles, which many did, to great effect. The miracles that took place during these martyrdoms converted many of the pagans, which in turn led to more martyrdoms. Persecution served, essentially, to strengthen the faith of those already Christians, and to convert those who were not. By the very cruelties with which the emperors attempted to crush the young religion they actually aided it. But one emperor who supported christianity is the one who played the biggest role among all emperors in spreading christianity. His name was Constantine. Constantine was a hugely influential emperor who changed the course of history and greatly affected the spread and development of Christianity. During Constantines reign, Roman art became less realistic. Simple and massive effects were preferred over classical forms and styles, and so art became more stylised. This culminated in the Christian era of artwork that would follow. For the next twelve years, Constantine and Licenius shared the government of the Empire. Constantine, convinced of the power of his vision and subsequent victory in battle, was the first Roman Emperor to adopt Christianity. Christians were still persecuted at this time, and so in 313 Constantine issued an official edict of toleration. The Edict of Milan not only protected Christians, but granted greater rights to followers of all religions. In 324 the Empire faced many difficulties, and Constantine defeated Licinius and became the sole Emperor. As the emperor, Constantine quickly moved the capital of the Roman empire from Rome to Constantinople (now known as Istanbul). In 325, Constantine assembled the Council at Nicaea with a group of bishops. The counsel debated many doctrinal points concerning Christianity, and created the Nicaean creed to unify Christian doctrine and practices. Some common beliefs of the early Christian church were at this point voted against and eradicated from the Churchs teachings. This was the first time that church and state began to merge, and that the imperial office was used to strengthen a church. For Constantine, his motivations were probably as much political as religious. The number of Christians was increasing within the empire, as was the influence of the church. Merging the two strengthened the power of both. From Constantines rule on, Christianity was the official religion of the empire. The Christian Church was granted tax exempt status, and Roman coins issued during this period have a cross on them. Although Constantine had long supported Christianity, he was not baptized until he was on his deathbed. He died in 337. Constitine, who was the Emperor of Rome was a Pagan. Before going into battle he thought he saw Jesus initials in the clouds and determined it was an omen and had his men put those initials on their shields. Well, Constitine won that battle and subsequently summoned all priests of stature into Rome to create the Bible. They went through the various books that had been written and pared that big pile of writings down into what became the bible. Constitine then proclaimed that christianity was the official religion of Rome and the Roman Empire.

The Life of Frederick Douglass :: American History Slavery Narratives Essays

The Life of Frederick Douglass Frederick Douglass was born in Tuckahoe, Maryland, near Hillsborough. He doesn’t know for sure of his age, he has seen no proof and his master will not inform him. Most masters prefer for their slaves to stay ignorant. He believes that he was around twenty-seven and twenty-eight when he began writing his narrative - he overheard his master say he was about seventeen years of age during 1835. His mother, Harriet Bailey, was separated from him when he was an infant and she died when he was seven years old. Frederick’s father was a white man who could have been his master but he never found out. Education was of utmost importance in his life. He received his first lesson while living with Mr. and Mrs. Auld. Sophia Auld, Frederick’s "mistress", was very humane to him and spent time teaching him the A, B, C’s. After he mastered this, she assisted him in spelling three and four letter words. At this point in his lesson Mr. Auld encountered what his wife was doing for Frederick and forbid her to continue. He believed that "if you give a nigger an inch, he will take an ell" and continuing with "learning would spoil the best nigger in the world". The masters felt that an ignorant slave formed a choice slave and any beneficial learning would damage the slave and therefore be futile to his master. His next step on the road to success was during his seven years living with Master Hugh’s family. Frederick would make friends with as many white boys as he possibly could on the street. His new friends would be transformed into teachers. When he could, Frederick carried bread on him as a means of trade to the famished kids for knowledge. He would also carry a book anytime he had an errand to run. The errand would be completed quickly, allowing extra study time. When Frederick was working in Durgin and Bailey’s ship-yard he would notice timber marked with various letters. He soon discovered how the letters matched the type of wood and the names of these letters. Any boy he met that could write he would challenge them to a writing contest. Frederick would use the letters he recently learned and told the child to challenge that. He then copied the Italics in Webster’s Spelling Book until he knew them well.

How Do Speeches Offer Practical Solutions and Optimism in Times of Social Division and Racial Conflict?

Great speeches offering practical solutions, optimism for the future and moral clarity can unify and motivate people in times of social conflict and racial division. Subsequently, an understanding of people and the world is developed, and a relationship between the voice and the audience is created. This profound level of optimism and hope can be seen in JFK’s Inaugural Address, and Jessie Street’s Is It to Be Back to the Kitchen? A relative distinctive voice is also significantly found in Anthony Burgess’ classic novel, A Clockwork Orange. The compelling speeches display a significant level of hope and optimism by creating a distinctive, reasoning and humble voice that addresses issues of inequality and racial conflict; and by outlining their intention of unifying and motivating the nation in order to create change and a more prosperous future. This allows a greater understanding of people and the world, and can be compared to the ever-changing voice portrayed in A Clockwork Orange. John F. Kennedy once said, â€Å"I am not the Catholic candidate for President. I am the Democratic Party's candidate for President, who happens also to be a Catholic. † In this single sentence, he uses a method of Aristotle’s persuasive speech making. One of the greatest examples of using rhetorical strategies is indeed John F. Kennedy’s inaugural address of 1961. JFK uses diction, syntax, and Aristotle’s method of persuasion in his inaugural address that not only made it uniquely his own, but made it undoubtedly one of the best, emotion-tugging speeches ever . He displays certain distinctive qualities in his voice that provide a unifying and motivating sense of hope. Kennedy appears to be humble and reasoning, and offers practical solutions and optimism for the future of the nation through various discourses to establish his â€Å"good character†. As Kennedy was a powerful and authoritative figure of that time, he was able to create a profoundly influential and famous speech that not only captured the audience’s attention, but allowed a sense of hope, optimism and moral clarity in a difficult time. He does this through his range of discourses throughout the speech, including religious and cultural. For example, Kennedy states that â€Å"the belief that the rights of man come not from the generosity of the state, but from the hand of God. † By saying this, he suggests that â€Å"God† is not a religious stranger, but rather a trustworthy, like-minded leader. This technique opens the minds of listeners and allows his audience to be influenced and lead by his powerful directional voice. Through this masterful and influential voice, he both motivates and his audience on an emotional level and reassures them as to the reasonableness of his call to action on an intellectual level. This opens a greater and deeper understanding of the world and the way in which directional and influential voices allow the world to remain optimistic and become unified in a time of social conflict and racial division. Similarly, opposite techniques are used in Jessie Street’s â€Å"Is It to be Back to the Kitchen? † are used to achieve a similar outcome- through her influence and distinctive voice. In comparison to JFK’s Inaugural Address, in Jessie Street’s â€Å"Is It to be Back to the Kitchen? a distinctive voice occurs, in which Street addresses the nation in a much more straight-forward and uncomplicated way. This is a significantly powerful yet excessively prosaic speech that both unifies the nation, and offers a sense of hope and optimism in a time of social conflict and racial division. The strong and highly influential views of Street are conveyed through her distinctive unifying voice, and her ability to convey her message on the level of her listeners without seeming condescending or superior. Street's distinctive voice is highly prosaic, and possesses a somewhat conversational quality, that allows her to convey her powerful message at a deeply personal and casual level, that is straight forward and easy to understand. She also augments this by using rhetorical questions and repetition of questioning, and by addressing her audience directly. This applies throughout the entire speech. For example, when Street asks â€Å"Do you remember that one of the first things that the Nazis did when they came to power was to put the women out of the professions; out of the factories? or â€Å"Don’t you agree? † not only is Street directly addressing her audience to reach them on a personal level, she is also using excessively prosaic language to come to terms with her audience and level with them in a reasoning way. By using this significantly prosaic and reasoning language, we are able to identify ways in which a message can be conveyed through everyday conversation, ra ther than by giving a highly thought-out and eloquent speech. Similarly, the colloquial yet unusual speech of A Clockwork Orange is highly distinctive, and Alex’s vileness in A Clockwork Orange underlines the theme that human beings, no matter how depraved, shouldn’t be deprived of their freedom of self-determination. The State’s destruction of Alex’s ability to make his own moral choices represents a greater evil than any of Alex’s crimes, since turning Alex into an automaton ultimately sanctions the notion that human nature is dispensable. Alex truly grows as a human being only in the last chapter, after the government removes his conditioning and he can see the error of his ways for himself, without the prompting of an external, controlling force. In contradiction to previous points made, this restriction and deprivation of voice In conclusion, when composers use distinctive voices in their texts they allow us to better understand significant issues in the world and the people in the world who are involved in these issues, which is the nation as a whole. Great speeches offering practical solutions, optimism for the future and moral clarity can unify and motivate people in times of social conflict and racial division. Subsequently, an understanding of people and the world is developed, and a relationship between the voice and the audience is created. This can be seen clearly in JFK’s Inaugural Address, and Jessie Street’s Is It to be Back to the Kitchen? I is also highly relevant in Anthony Burgess’ classic novel A Clockwork Orange. These texts allow us to significant issues and the world and understand people and the world through the use of distinctive voices.

The Portrayal of Rural Life in 18th Century Poetry Essay

Discuss the portrayal of rural life in one or more of the passages. In this essay I will be exploring the presentation of rural life in eighteenth century poetry, by studying the poetic conventions of anti-pastoral poetry and more particularly by analysing `The Threshers labour by Stephen Duck. I will approach the issue by first of all addressing the meaning of pastoral poetry, and more specifically what pastoral poetry meant to eighteenth century poets, before looking at the meaning of anti-pastoral as opposed to pastoral. I will then perform a close reading of Ducks `The Threshers Labour as a challenge to the traditional pastoral form. The traditional subject of pastoral poetry was that of life in the country, particularly†¦show more content†¦The Victorian poet Mathew Arnold changed his pastoral view of nature in his poem Dover Beach written in 1851. He realised that the `natural world can no longer be constructed as a land of dreams, but is in fact a bleak battle for survival without divine purpose (Gifford, 1999, p120). This is the essence of anti-pastoral poetry, to write about the realties of rural life rather than indulge in the `beauty of the country with no reference to the hardship of country life. `The Threshers Labour (1736) is Ducks depiction of the hard realities of country life that would not be found in traditional pastoral poetry of the period. Duck had previously worked as a thresher and so had experienced the hardships of the trade. Manual labour is the central subject of the poem, which immediately places it as anti-pastoral, as opposed to traditional pastoral poetry of the period such as that of Popes Windsor Forest, that depicts the `beauty of county life. This is perhaps why this poem encounters problems of genre. As Sambrook states: The Threshers Labour is one of the earliest eighteenth-century poems to belong to no recognised literary kind....pastoral, anti-pastoral, counter-pastoral, georgic, anti-georgic, or plebian georgic, `The Threshers Labour has been called all of these, but still there remains no critical consensus. (Sambrook, 1993, p) As this quote suggests, Ducks poem cannot easily be placed into one set of poetic conventions. However I plan to showShow MoreRelated Comparison of the Portrayal of Nature in Blake and Wordsworth1518 Words   |  7 PagesComparison of the Portrayal of Nature in Blake and Wordsworth One of the most popular themes for Romantic poetry in England was nature and an appreciation for natural beauty. The English Romantic poets were generally concerned with the human imagination as a counter to the rise of science. The growing intellectual movement of the 18th and 19th centuries placed scientific thought in the forefront of all knowledge, basing reality in material objects. The Romantics found this form of world viewRead MoreIndian English Novel17483 Words   |  70 PagesIndian novels which were merely patriotic gained a rather contemporary touch with the coming of Mulk Raj Anand, Raja Rao and R.K.Narayan. The social disparity of India which was aptly described by Mulk Raj Anand in his Coolie, the imaginary village life with its entire unedited realities in R.K. Narayan`s Malgudi Days and last but not the least the aura of Gandhism depicted by Raja Rao in his remarkable novel Kanthapura portrayed a whole new India. The need of the `foreigners` depicting IndiaRead More One Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesPerspectives on the Past, edited by Susan Porter Benson, Stephen Brier, and Roy Rosenzweig Also in this series: Paula Hamilton and Linda Shopes, eds., Oral History and Public Memories Tiffany Ruby Patterson, Zora Neale Hurston and a History of Southern Life Lisa M. Fine, The Story of Reo Joe: Work, Kin, and Community in Autotown, U.S.A. Van Gosse and Richard Moser, eds., The World the Sixties Made: Politics and Culture in Recent America Joanne Meyerowitz, ed., History and September 11th John McMillian