Comparing The U.S. Health Care System with that of The United Kingdom Essay

Looking at The U.S. Medicinal services System with that of The United Kingdom - Essay Example (Joined Nations Development Program; See Table 1). This implies human services is an extravagance that individuals with more cash can purchase a greater amount of and a superior nature of. Deciding to use an arrangement of secretly subsidized human services might be an aftereffect of the disposition of the United States of being free, which can be interpreted as meaning liberated from government control or impedance in the free market. While there is open financing accessible for the old and the incredibly poor, numerous individuals despite everything don't get the human services they need. This absence of human services for residents who need it is as of now a subject of much discussion. The United Kingdom, then again, reserves its residents' human services freely, through assessments. As per the 2007-2008 Human Development Report, 7% of GDP in the United Kingdom is spent on general social insurance while simply 1.1% must be spent secretly. (Joined Nations Development Program; See Table 1). This distinction in consumptions in the United Kingdom means the perspective on social insurance as a basic human right as opposed to a cash based benefit. At the point when human services started to be freely subsidized, the thought was that if Britain could move in the direction of full work and go through gigantic entireties of cash during the wartime exertion, at that point in a period of harmony impartial proportions of social solidarity and money related assets could be diverted towards cultivating open products. (Wikipedia, 2008). Albeit openly supported human services gives more social insurance to a more noteworthy number of individuals, a few people accept that the natur e of medicinal services gave is lower. At times individuals decide to look for private social insurance, in the event that they can manage the cost of it, yet they are frequently vexed about paying for both private medicinal services and the general human services they are quitting. Numerous individuals don't care for the inclination that they are paying for the human services of others who become ill more as often as possible or are less solid. Another worry with the United Kingdom's general social insurance framework is that patients are regularly waitlisted to see specialists for squeezing matters; this has prompted pointless passings. (Browne, 2001). Putting the private versus open financing banter aside quickly, there shows up likewise to be disparity in the aggregate sum of joined open and private cash spent on medicinal services between the United States and the United Kingdom. In view of the recently talked about measurements, the United States burns through 15.4% of GDP on its medicinal services while the United Kingdom spends an impressively lower 8.1% of GDP on social insurance. As far as what this implies for every individual living in these nations, while per capita GDP in the United States is $41,890 and $6,096 of that is spent on social insurance, per capita GDP in the United Kingdom is a marginally lower $36,509 yet a fundamentally lower sum, just $2,560 per capita is spent on human services. (Joined Nations Development Program; See Table 1). By having everybody contribute a smidgen to the whole society's human services, apparently medicinal services turns out to be essentially less expensive for everybody. It is addi tionally intriguing to take note of that the United States, with a GDP (in a huge number of) $12,416.5, when contrasted with the United Kingdom's $2,198.8, would have a great deal of GDP to spend somewhere else if just 8.1% was spent on human services rather than 15.4%. Since there are many blended sentiments

10 Ways to Maximize Research at the Courthouse or Archives

10 Ways to Maximize Research at the Courthouse or Archives The way toward exploring your family tree will inevitably lead you to a town hall, library, files or other vault of unique archives and distributed sources. The everyday delights and hardships of your ancestors’ lives can regularly be discovered archived among the various unique records of the nearby court, while the library may contain an abundance of data on their locale, neighbors and companions. Marriage testaments, family ancestries, land awards, military programs and an abundance of other genealogical pieces of information are concealed in envelopes, boxes, and books simply standing by to be found. Under the steady gaze of heading for the town hall or library, be that as it may, it assists with getting ready. Attempt these 10 hints for arranging your visit and amplifying your outcomes. 1. Scout the Location The first, and generally significant, advance in on location lineage investigate is realizing which government no doubt had purview over the region in which your progenitors lived during the time they lived there. In numerous spots, particularly in the United States, this is the district or province proportionate (for example area, shire). In different zones, the records might be found housed around corridors, probate regions or other jurisdictional specialists. Youll additionally need to bone up on changing political and topographical limits to realize who really had locale over the region where your precursor lived for the timeframe youre inquiring about, and who has current ownership of those records. On the off chance that your precursors lived close to the district line, you may discover them archived among the records of the bordering region. While somewhat phenomenal, I really have a precursor whose land rode the province lines of three districts, making it essential for me to routinely check the records of each of the three regions (and their parent regions!) while examining that specific family. 2. Who Has the Records? A considerable lot of the records youll need, from indispensable records to land exchanges, are probably going to be found at the nearby town hall. Now and again, be that as it may, the more seasoned records may have been moved to a state documents, nearby verifiable society, or other vault. Check with individuals from the neighborhood genealogical society, at the nearby library, or online through assets, for example, the Family History Research Wiki or GenWeb to realize where the records for your area and timespan of intrigue may be found. Indeed, even inside the town hall, various workplaces ordinarily hold various kinds of records, and may keep up various hours and even be situated in various structures. A few records may likewise be accessible in various areas, also, in microfilm or printed structure. For U.S. inquire about, The Handybook for Genealogists or Red Book: American State, County and Town Sources, both incorporate state-by-state and province by-district arrangements of which workplaces hold which records. You may likewise need to investigate WPA Historical Records Survey inventories, if accessible for your area, to recognize other potential records. 3. Are the Records Available? You dont need to design an excursion most of the way the nation over just to find that the records you look for were pulverized in a town hall fire in 1865. Or on the other hand that the workplace stores the marriage records in an offsite area, and they should be mentioned ahead of time of your visit. Or on the other hand that a portion of the district record books are being fixed, microfilmed, or are in any case incidentally inaccessible. Once youve decided the store and records you intend to look into, it is unquestionably worth an opportunity to call to ensure the records are accessible for inquire about. In the event that the first record you look for is not, at this point surviving, check the Family History Library Catalog to check whether the record is accessible on microfilm. At the point when I was told by a North Carolina area deed office that Deed Book A had been absent for quite a while, I was as yet ready to get to a microfilmed duplicate of the book through my neighborho od Family History Center. 4. Make a Research Plan As you enter the entryways of a town hall or library, its enticing to need to hop into everything simultaneously. There generally arent enough hours in the day, be that as it may, to look into all records for the entirety of your progenitors in a single short outing. Plan your exploration before you go, and youll be less enticed by interruptions and more averse to miss significant subtleties. Make an agenda with names, dates and subtleties for each record you intend to examine ahead of time of your visit, and afterward confirm them as you go. By concentrating your hunt on only a couple of precursors or a couple of record types, youll be bound to accomplish your examination objectives. 5. Time Your Trip Before you visit, you ought to consistently contact the town hall, library or files to check whether there are any entrance limitations or terminations which may influence your visit. Regardless of whether their site incorporates working hours and occasion terminations, it is still best to affirm this face to face. Inquire as to whether there are any cutoff points on the quantity of scientists, in the event that you need to join ahead of time for microfilm perusers, or if any town hall workplaces or unique library assortments keep up isolated hours. It additionally assists with inquiring as to whether there are sure occasions which are less occupied than others. Next 5 More Tips for Your Courthouse Visit Research Tips 1-5 6. Gain proficiency with the Lay of the Land Each genealogical storehouse you visit will be somewhat extraordinary - regardless of whether its an alternate format or arrangement, various strategies and techniques, diverse gear, or an alternate hierarchical framework. Check the facilitys site, or with different genealogists who use the office, and acquaint yourself with the examination procedure and methods before you go. Check the card inventory on the web, in the event that it is accessible, and aggregate a rundown of the records you need to explore, alongside their call numbers. Inquire as to whether there is a reference bookkeeper who represents considerable authority in your particular region of premium, and realize what hours he/she will be working. On the off chance that records youll be investigating utilize a particular sort of list framework, for example, the Russell Index, at that point it assists with acclimating yourself with it before you go. 7. Get ready for Your Visit Town hall workplaces are frequently little and squeezed, so it is ideal to downplay your effects. Gather a solitary pack with a scratch pad, pencils, coins for the scanner and stopping, your exploration plan and agenda, a concise rundown of what you definitely think about the family, and a camera (whenever permitted). In the event that you intend to take a PC, sure that you have a charged battery, in light of the fact that numerous stores don't give electrical access (some don't permit workstations). Wear agreeable, level shoes, the same number of town halls don’t offer tables and seats, and you may invest a ton of energy in your feet. 8. Be Courteous Respectful Staff individuals at chronicles, town halls and libraries are commonly extremely accommodating, amicable individuals, yet they are likewise bustling attempting to carry out their responsibility. Regard their time and abstain from irritating them with questions not explicitly identified with examine in the office or hold them prisoner with stories about your predecessors. On the off chance that you have a family history how-to address or inconvenience perusing a specific word that simply cannot pause, it is normally better to ask another analyst (just dont bug them with different inquiries either). Annalists additionally significantly acknowledge analysts who avoid mentioning records or duplicates not long before shutting time! 9. Take Good Notes Make Plenty of Copies While you may set aside the effort to arrive at a couple nearby decisions about the records you discover, it is normally best to take everything home with you where you have more opportunity to look at it altogether for each and every detail. Make copies of everything, if conceivable. In the event that duplicates arent an alternative, at that point set aside the effort to make an interpretation or unique, including incorrect spellings. On each copy, make note of the total hotspot for the archive. In the event that you have time, and cash for duplicates, it can likewise be useful to make duplicates of the total file for your surname(s) of enthusiasm for specific records, for example, relationships or deeds. One of them may later show up in your exploration 10. Focus on the Unique Except if the office is one you can without much of a stretch access all the time, it is regularly helpful to start your exploration with the pieces of its assortment that arent effectively accessible somewhere else. Focus on unique records that havent been microfilmed, family papers, photo assortments, and other one of a kind assets. At the Family History Library in Salt Lake City, for instance, numerous specialists start with the books as they are commonly not accessible on credit, while the microfilms can be obtained through your nearby Family History Center, or some of the time saw on the web. Sources Eichholz, Alice (Editor). Red Book: American State, County Town Sources. third Revised version, Ancestry Publishing, June 1, 2004. Hansen, Holly (Editor). The Handybook for Genealogists: United States of America. eleventh Edition, Revised version, Everton Pub, February 28, 2006.

Miller presents the themes of truth and justice in The Crucible Essay Example For Students

Mill operator presents the subjects of truth and equity in The Crucible Essay In this article, I will be taking a gander at how Miller presents the subjects of truth and equity in The Crucible. To accomplish this, I will look at an assortment of characters including John Proctor since Miller utilizes his characters activities to pass on the topics. Before I finish up, I will contrast Millers work with different plays. The Crucible, by Arthur Miller, isn't a precise recorded record, yet rather an exact depiction of the Salem witch preliminaries of 1692 in Massachusetts. Mill operator rolls out minor improvements to the occasions that happened during the preliminaries, for example, the certifiable names of the people in question, the absolute number of individuals that were executed, and the right periods of the characters. During the hour of the witch preliminaries, individuals follow their exacting Puritan convictions. They put stock in difficult work, supplication, Bible examination, and thoughtfulness. Mill operator recounts how the Salem serve finds a few little youngsters moving in the woods. This is an indication that the young ladies are rehearsing detestable, in light of the fact that moving isn't allowed in the Puritan confidence. The witch preliminaries were a period of much pain, on the grounds that numerous blameless individuals kicked the bucket without confirmation and blame destroyed numerous lives. Mill operator enlightens in insight about the witch preliminaries and how the townspeople acknowledge blame of witches without proof. Individuals use black magic to pick up retaliation. One of the most significant subjects in Arthur Millers The Crucible is that acceptable, kindness, and equity don't generally triumph over fiendishness. Mill operator utilizes his character John Proctor to speak to equity in his work, The Crucible. John Proctor restricts expert in Millers play. He is depicted as the hero. From the general feel of the scene, we can suspect that the basic room of Proctors house is cool, unfilled and unwelcoming. This equals with the connection among John and Elizabeth. Theres is a lot of strain between the pair, and they inactively make babble at the table, as they believe they have to: Delegate: Pray now for a decent summer. Elizabeth: Aye It ought to be noticed that it is Proctor who is attempting to make discussion; Elizabeth is ruining his endeavors with single word answers. Delegate is feeling disappointed on the grounds that Elizabeth isn't recognizing that Proctor is attempting his hardest to fix the relationship. He is everlastingly guaranteeing his craving to satisfy Elizabeth: I intend to satisfy you Elizabeth. Delegate The crowd would get disappointed with Elizabeth for not pardoning him. In spite of the fact that Proctor is blameworthy for the bogus relationship with Abigail, he is going underneath his height to procure trust and regard from Elizabeth. This shows the individual honesty of John Proctor. He severely dislikes bad faith since they are vouching for some falsehood. Delegate has solid good standards with one exemption. Robust requests that he present the Ten Commandments and he overlooks one of them, which for his situation is the most significant, Thou shalt not submit infidelity. He precludes all allegations from securing his undertaking with Abigail until the preliminary. He at that point admits to the issue so as to spare his name and his better half. His admission shows that his standards are more grounded than all else is. In spite of the fact that John Proctor attempts to make the best decision at long last, his passing shows that equity doesn't generally triumph over wickedness. This additionally shows Miller presents subjects through the activities of the characters. Judge Danforth is an unmistakable character in the play, and one of fundamental persecutors of those blamed for black magic. He appears to be a hard man, and one not ready to change his perspectives. He is the fundamental appointed authority we find in the play, and is responsible for hearing all proof against individuals, and making a decision about them. The basic reality that he doesn't let any of those denounced off the charges except if they admit makes the feeling that he is a hard man, with almost no compassion or any kinder human attributes. Be that as it may, during the play, there are times when he is by all accounts gentler with certain individuals. .ub88b543c9119f42df67e48b538d8d1f2 , .ub88b543c9119f42df67e48b538d8d1f2 .postImageUrl , .ub88b543c9119f42df67e48b538d8d1f2 .focused content territory { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .ub88b543c9119f42df67e48b538d8d1f2 , .ub88b543c9119f42df67e48b538d8d1f2:hover , .ub88b543c9119f42df67e48b538d8d1f2:visited , .ub88b543c9119f42df67e48b538d8d1f2:active { border:0!important; } .ub88b543c9119f42df67e48b538d8d1f2 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .ub88b543c9119f42df67e48b538d8d1f2 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; murkiness: 1; progress: haziness 250ms; webkit-progress: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .ub88b543c9119f42df67e48b538d8d1f2:active , .ub88b543c9119f42df67e48b538d8d1f2:hover { obscurity: 1; change: darkness 250ms; webkit-progress: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .ub88b543c9119f42df67e48b538d8d1f2 .focused content region { width: 100%; position: r elative; } .ub88b543c9119f42df67e48b538d8d1f2 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content adornment: underline; } .ub88b543c9119f42df67e48b538d8d1f2 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .ub88b543c9119f42df67e48b538d8d1f2 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; outskirt sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe range: 3px; content adjust: focus; content improvement: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub88b543c9119f42df67e48b538d8d1f2:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .ub88b543 c9119f42df67e48b538d8d1f2 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .ub88b543c9119f42df67e48b538d8d1f2-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .ub88b543c9119f42df67e48b538d8d1f2:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: George Orwell expressed Animal Farm since he felt constrained to communicate his perspectives on the Russian Communist society EssayThe first notice of Danforth is in Act three. Mill operator remembers notes about a large number of the characters for the stage headings, and those of Danforth give a moment impression about him. Danforth is a grave man in his sixties, of some amusingness and modernity, that doesn't, anyway meddle with a precise devotion to his position and his motivation. He brings religion into his contentions a ton, primarily censuring the individuals who don't go to chapel consistently. He appears to have more regard for the individuals who are what he considers as great Christians. Danforth: You are in all regards a gospel Christian? Procter: I am, sir Danforth: Such a Christian that won't come to chapel yet once per month? Danforth: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Plough on Sunday? In this last statement, Danforth appears to be doubting that a man who viewed himself as a Christian could furrow on a Sunday. While these days this would be worthy, in the days Miller was expounding on, a man for the most part couldn't consider himself a Christian except if he embraced a somewhat exacting lifestyle, and complied with the unbending standards of the congregation. Judge Danforth needs to regard Christians, and keeping in mind that utilizing a clear absence of Christianity against the individuals blamed for black magic, he appears to appreciate its utilization to denounce them, just. At the point when the young ladies are addressed, they every now and again fight I am with God or I am with God now. Danforth appears to trust them when they state this. He appears to need to accept they are with God despite the fact that he won't trust it about any denounced. This appears to be very tricky. In any case, in the event that he accepts that any individuals blamed were with God and reported them guiltless, he would be blaming the young ladies for lying. This would mean he didn't accept that they were with God. Hence, Danforth feels he needs to pick somebody to accept and adhere to their perspective. Accepting the girls,â would positively be a mainstream choice, at any rate from the start, as people in general would be quick to do Gods work and censure who they thought were associated with black magic. He gives some benevolent human qualities, despite the fact that the select conditions under which he does this, causes it to appear to be much increasingly bogus. At the point when he is conversing with Goody Proctor, he appears to be thoughtful and conscious. At the point when he bites the dust this, she is a censured lady, and this might be for his own benefit, as he is attempting to get Procter to admit. This plainly shows equity doesn't generally triumph over malevolence.

But what of the Chickens Jacob’s room and the masculine martyr narrative - Literature Essay Samples

The 1910’s and early 1920’s were littered with sob-stories about men who gave their lives for their country in the first world war. Poetry, songs, radio plays and indeed, many novels are dedicated to this subject. These stories nearly all centered on a young man, from a good family who had the whole world at his feet, and a long, successful life ahead of him. This young boy would then be called up to serve in the ‘great war,’ and, being a brave and noble lad, he would not decline. Instead, he would take up arms, and go with friends, brothers, and complete strangers to fight an unexpectedly gory war, only to die in battle. Some of these works, such as Hemingway’s A Farewell to Arms, Siegfried Sassoon’s â€Å"What does it matter?† or Erich Maria Remarque’s All Quiet on the Western Front, for example, take a distinctly anti-war tone, decrying the conflict as a pointless travesty. Others, for example John McCrae’s â€Å"In Fl anders Field† see the war as a more noble endeavor. But none of these narratives, be they pro or anti-war, optimistic or pessimistic, are of any interest to Virginia Woolf. Attempting to craft a novel for the new age, she writes about the war from a different moral perspective entirely. The world is already filled with books about brave young male heroes, so her book, Jacob’s Room, will not feature such a character—in fact, he will be ostentatiously missing. Many works of fiction already decry the loss of innocence, so she shan’t bother with that, but rather will look at the dull future most of these men actually lost. And she will also attempt to reveal to us the real victims of this war—not the dead, but the women who must pick up after the dying and soldier on. In this essay, I will examine the ways Jacob’s Room undercuts, mocks, and questions the narrative of the masculine martyr, through its innovative format, use of familiar setting, and martial diction. Let us first examine the way the story d epicts, or does not depict, its characters. As mentioned in the previous paragraph, Jacob, the character the book is ostensibly ‘about’ does not appear as such in the story. He is seen, thought on, and influences other characters, but he himself never serves as a central figure—we do not see the world through Jacob’s eyes. Instead, we see the world through the eyes of a multitude of other characters, many of whom are only tangentially related to the so-called ‘protagonist.’ For example, allow us to examine the passage involving Betty Flanders’ search for a stamp in the very first chapter: â€Å"’Scarborough,’ Mrs. Flanders wrote on the envelope, and dashed a bold line beneath; it was her native town; the hub of the universe. But a stamp? She ferreted in her bag; then held it up mouth downwards; then fumbled in her lap, all so vigorously that Charles Steele in the Panama hat suspended his paint–brush,† (Woolf 4). Seamlessly, Woolf’s story flows from being centered on a country widow, to a painter trying to get the right image. It’s a rather unimportant moment from a narrative perspective, but there’s more to this frequent bouncing between points of view than just narrative convenience. There’s no reason this book has to be about Betty Flanders, as opposed to Charles Steele, or about Charles Steele as opposed to Mrs. Jarvis. Woolf tries to create a story that has a place for everyone in it; de liberately excluding the struggles of Steele, however picayune, would be akin to an act of violence—silencing him forever as surely as an axe. This story runs entirely contrary to the typical war novel, before, during, and after World War I. From Dalton Trumbo’s Johnny Got his Gun to Stephen Crane’s Red Badge of Courage, most novels written about and during war focus on the events of the war itself, and how one, specific individual suffers or affects the event. But this is of course, not how conflict works. It relies on multiple people, many of them not present in the conflict itself. In many ways, though it does not involve any violence or combat, Jacob’s Room displays war in its enormity and entirety more accurately than the narcissistic parables of many other war-driven stories. Rather than relying on the audience’s ability to sympathize with one individual figure, Virginia Woolf presents us with a cavalcade of characters, then shows us the world through their eyes and how each of them, however indirectly, is affected by the war and the soldiers in it. Jacob, she seems to tacitly assert, was n ot the only casualty of war, nor were men the sole victims. This is re-enforced by the non-traditional plot. The story does not move in a linear fashion or stay anchored in one place, but rather bounces through both time and space, settling on everything from the most picayune to the doldrums of life. These, however, are not depicted as such. What might pass as filler in another story is here treated with love and respect. Take, for example, the exchange between Betty Flanders and Ms. Jarvis in chapter eleven: I never pity the dead, said Mrs Jarvis, shifting the cushion at her back, and clasping her hands behind her head. Betty Flanders did not hear, for her scissors made so much noise on the table. They are at rest, said Mrs Jarvis. And we spend our days doing foolish, unnecessary things without knowing why. Mrs Jarvis was not liked in the village, (Woolf 181). Both the surface content and the inner workings of these few sentences cast a light on Woolf’s critique of the war narrative—namely that the young men going off to die h ave a narrative, representationally and cosmically, where many others do not. The first sentence of this passage is Mrs. Jarvis claiming she has no sympathy for those who have passed on—given the context and subject of the book, this is inevitably interpreted as those fighting in World War I, or at least includes them. As she says this, Mrs. Jarvis engages in a perfunctory, thoughtless motion, designed to give her more comfort. She is unsatisfied with her position, in other words. Betty, however, does not pay attention. She is thoroughly encapsulated in her current chore, and it is so loud and thought consuming she does not take in what her friend has said. Next, Mrs. Jarvis says that the dead are at rest. Their time is at an end. Something with an ending has meaning, definition, and meaning is better than almost anything at effacing pain. Not only does the act of getting killed end life and all the little hurts and disappointments which come with it, but it also makes what t he dead person did important, or part of a story. The soldiers—including Jacob Flanders—who died in World War I, did have a purpose, which was to die for their country. Many of them didn’t even live long enough to doubt that purpose. But no one plays recruitment anthems from Mrs. Jarvis and Betty Flanders, or claims that the countless emotional sacrifices and compromises they’ve made were done for a purpose. This is why Mrs. Jarvis continues â€Å"And we spend our days doing foolish, unnecessary things without knowing why.’† Not only is it true on a larger scale—the living are not made martyrs or subjects of stories, whilst the dead frequently are used as heroes or examples in social narratives—but even in the passage, we see both women engaged in meaningless, unimportant tasks designed in their own ways to provide comfort. Mrs. Jarvis’s moving and shifting provides her with a better-feeling position, whilst Betty Flande rs’ cutting drowns out Mrs. Jarvis’ harsh words. And yet, despite implying this moment is tiny and ultimately meaningless, the whole novel is comprised of such exchanges, chance encounters, and random moments—not of vainglorious deaths or charges over the top. What might have passed for a conversation over tea with accompanying chores in some other book here resembles something of a gladiatorial game, with epic implications. Clearly it is because Woolf thinks these trivial events are in their own way of crucial importance—no more or less than a gory battle—and more than that, because she is attempting to provide a sort of meaning for the neglected and nameless civilians of the war, who, while living, never found or were given one. Another example of such an instance comes very near the novel’s end, when, lying alone in bed, Betty Flanders hears a loud booming noise she has come to associate with martial activity: â€Å"Again, far away, she heard the dull sound, as if nocturnal women were beating great c arpets. There was Morty lost, and Seabrook dead; her sons fighting for their country. But were the chickens safe? Was that someone moving downstairs? Rebecca with the toothache? No. The nocturnal women were beating great carpets. Her hens shifted slightly on their perches,† (Woolf 246). Earlier, Betty has mistaken these thumping noises for guns, but now describes them as â€Å"Nocturnal women beating great carpets.† In doing so she equates the fairly mundane task of beating the dust out of a carpet with the turmoil of World War I. More importantly, she describes the women as nocturnal, not only because she is currently in bed at night, but because the wars women fight in this world are unseen, cloaked in darkness, hidden from view by the loud bangs and bloodshed of war. In the next few sentences, we see her, clinically go through a list of ‘casualties’ or the men in her life who have left for one reason or another. But, despite this, the act of losing her s ons and lovers does not affect her nearly so much as the other tiny battles she must keep from losing—the chickens in their coop, someone downstairs, Rebecca’s hurt mouth. Seabrook is dead, his troubles are over. Jacob, too, is soon to be gone. But Betty need not lose her chickens to foxes, nor her property to burglars. In fact, she cuts off her list of dead male relations in order to focus more clearly on the tasks still at hand. And even when she has assured herself that the hens are safe, like her, only shifting slightly, still the omnipresent thundering hangs over all of them. She stands to lose more, but can do nothing about it but wait, and occupy her mind with thoughts of her hens, until more news comes of her sons, or of the war. She suffers the same stress, but has been denied the agency and recognition given to her male counterparts. One passage in the book which I found to be supremely important was the following: â€Å"Could one read them year in and year out—the unpublished works of women, written by the fireside in pale profusion, dried by the flame, for the blotting-paper’s worn to holes and the nib cleft and clotted,† (Woolf 123). All the passage really tries to say is that women write as many manuscripts as men, countless different works of engaging nature, most of which aren’t seen—partially because of their temporal nature, partially because the world they live in does not value their contribution. In a way, that’s all Jacob’s Room is; a documentation of the myriad unread female narratives blotted out by the bloodstains of the war. They did not stop happening simply because we no longer hear or read about them. Indeed, in a certain light, they could be called as bad or worse as what was suffered by Wilfred Owen and Jacob Flanders—at least the latter figures had an end to their suffering in sight—no war goes on forever, and no soldier can survive every battle. Eventually, they would go home or die. This isn’t the case for the women they left behind. For them, there will always be another chicken to check on, another letter to stamp, and another war to take their families away. The title of Woolf’s novel may be Jacob’s Room, but that room is emptied of its rather uninteresting occupant, in order to afford us a better view of the street below teeming with unheard and unseen travelers. Through her choice of setting, unique characteri zation and format, Woolf creates a story which supplants the masculine martyr narrative with a new type of story; one centered on the struggles of anonymous civilians, mainly women.

Periodical Cicadas (13- and 17-Year Cycles)

Shadows in the Yellow Wood The Dark Side of Rober Frosts...

Shadows in the Yellow Wood: The Dark Side of Robert Frost’s Poetry Robert Frost is one of the most widely-read and recognized poets of the twentieth century, if not all time. If his name is mentioned, it is usually followed by a reference to two roads diverged in a yellow wood and taking the one less traveled by. But lurking in the shadows of the yellow wood of Frost’s poetry are much deeper meanings than are immediately apparent. As the modern poet Billy Collins says in his â€Å"Introduction to Poetry†, in order to find the true meaning of a poem we must â€Å"†¦hold it up to the light/ like a color slide† instead of â€Å"†¦beating it with a hose/ to find out what it really means† (1-16). When Frost’s poems are held up to the light, it is revealed†¦show more content†¦Frost uses all these devices to illustrate the fact that all things in life are transient, so each moment should be experienced, enjoyed, and accepted (Caravantes 94). Another one of Robert Frost’s poems that contains a theme of destruction is â€Å"Fire and Ice†, in which he discusses the two ways he thinks the world will end: â€Å"Some say the world will end in fire, / Some say in ice† (1-2). Here fire is a symbol for the destructive ways of humanity and the selfish fighting that could end its days. Ice is symbolic of the cold indifference and hate of which humans are also capable; they will ignore each other’s suffering until the human race is entirely wiped out. Either way, according to Frost, humanity will be the cause of its own destruction in the end. In both these poems, the dark theme of endings is apparent. Frost also examines the search for truth that is central to every life. His poem â€Å"Neither Out Far Nor In Deep† uses the image of people standing on a beach looking out to sea as a metaphor for this search for truth. It reads: The land may vary more; But wherever the truth may be— The water comes ashore, And the people look at the sea. (â€Å"Neither† 9-12) The land is the ever-changing society that all humans must live in, but just as the sea never stops coming ashore, the truth will never cease to exist, no matter how much the land (or society) might change. People look at

Laminitis In Horses Essay Example For Students

Laminitis In Horses Essay Laminitis in HorsesABSTRACT: Laminitis is a painful and serious disease that can cause lameness in horses. It is an inflammation of the laminae. The Laminae is tissue that connects coffin bone and the wall of the hoof. Laminitis can occur in any horse, usually obese horses, and ponies. It is caused by changes of horses feed, lush grass, retained placenta, intake of cold water while horse is still hot, surgery, trauma to the hoof, riding on hard ground. Key Words: Laminitis, Laminae, Inflammation, Founder, Coffin BoneIntroduction:Laminitis can occur in all horses. Ponies are more prone to laminitis, just as obese horses. A horse that has had too much grain intake recently, or is turned out in a lush grass paddock can get laminitis too. When a horse gets laminitis, the sensitive laminae which contains the blood flow, becomes inflamed and since there is little room in the hoof wall, the horse feels a lot of pressure, and pain. If this is not treated right away, it can lead to acute lami nitis, which is also known as founder. Founder is detachment and or movement of the coffin bone. When the bone detaches or moves it can make laminitis a permanent or chronic problem (Equine-world). Discussion:There are many different types of laminitis. There is grain founder, grass founder, water founder, and road founder. Each one of these can cause the same problem in the laminae. Grain founder is when a horse gets into a feed room and over does it, or if the horse is feed too much when not working enough. Grass founder is when a horse gets turned out in the spring to a lush field without being weaned on to the field slowly. Water founder is when a hot horse has had a lot of cold water intake. Road founder is when the horse is worked too hard on uneven surface (McArdle, C). Laminitis is weakening of the coffin bone. This weakening can come from a lack of blood supply to the area in the foot that is injured. In more severe cases, the lack of blood supply causes the laminae on the outside of the foot to detach from the laminae on the inside of the hoof wall. In the worst cases, the weakened laminaecan no longer support the weight of the horse, and the coffin bone moves to the wall. Movement of the bone can cut off blood supply to the laminae by squashing blood vessels. When the bone moves this is chronic laminitis also known as founder. With chronic laminitis the horses hoof has a dished appearance to it. ImplicationsLaminitis if caught early enough will not cause any damage to the horse or the horses job. The horse will live a healthy life after laminitis. But if it is not caught early, there could be many problems in the long run. That is why it is very important to know the signs of laminitis. The signs are that the horse could be stiff coming out of t he stall or field usually in the front end. Almost looking like a sore shoulder. The hoofs are hot to the touch. The horse looks restless, trying to find a comfortable way to rest his legs, pointing of the front toes. BibliographyLiterature Citedhttp://www.cvm.uiuc.edu/ceps/PetColumns/equine_laminitis.htmlhttp://www.equine-world.com/laminitis.htmlhttp://www.geocities.com/Nashville/1330/horses/laminitis.htmlMcArdle, Camille, D.V.M., Fear of Founder, Horse Illustrated, May 1996. http://saddleclub.dbw.org/danger.htmlhttp://www.olympus.net/personal/pvd/pvd.htmlAnimal Science

The Concept of Performance in Human Behaviour

Introduction Performance is defined as a contested concept. Goffman (1959) describes performance as â€Å"reference to all the activity of an individual that occur during a period marked by his continuous presence before a particular set of observers†. This activity has some influence on the observers.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on The Concept of Performance in Human Behaviour specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Performance could also refer to aesthetic performance or art practice also known as performing arts. â€Å"This is used to describe a performance by someone or an artist† (Schmitt, 2010, p.367). This may also describe in other terms a whole show or a particular genre also known as performance art. Other occurrences well suited to performance definition but outside the aesthetic bracket would include sports for example where we describe an athlete’s performance. Similarly while foc using on the management arena we may talk about organizational performance indicators or further still basing on science and technology we can perform an experiment and take measurement of certain parameters. Performance as a term will therefore broadly encompass a range of human behaviour of a particular kind. This behaviour will either be extra daily, aesthetic or cultural. Broadening the classification results in two kinds of performances under everyday performance or aesthetic, cultural or extra daily performance. The extra daily , aesthetic and cultural performance may typically cover the likes of operas, films, circus, theatre, ceremonies, rituals, specific events such as weddings, trials; any behaviour outside of the daily behaviour. It is significant to note that aesthetic, cultural or extra daily performances are not mutually exclusive. Bateson and Goffman attempted to define the everyday performance through the frame theory. It can be understood from their approach that va rious aspects of social life are framed and participants act appropriately within each of these frames. While defining relationships among living organisms Bateson made an attempt to categorize seriousness and play through what he termed metacommunicative mechanism. These mechanisms are meant to define how specific actions are to be understood in every day performance. Bateson concludes that every metacommunicative message describes a frame. Goffman was the initiator of the frame idea.Advertising Looking for assessment on rhetoric? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In the light of this understanding Goffman asserts that someone creates a conceptual frame enabling their behaviour to be viewed by an audience as a performance. â€Å"Based on this understanding the relationship between everyday and extra daily performance can be described as a continuum† (Schmit, 2004, p.55). The implication is that every day unmarked perform ance is part of the big picture that is about the extra daily. Performance in anthropological, sociological and psychological spheres is concerned more with context other than specific activities by the performer. Fitzpatrick in quoting Bauman’s definition of performance points to the fact that there is the assumption of responsibility to an audience to whom is a display of communicative competence. According to Bauman (1984) â€Å"competence is based on knowledge and the ability to speak in socially appropriate ways† (p.9). Fitzpatrick himself defines performance by pinpointing three specific elements that are constituents of the Fitzpatrick performance triangle. The elements are personal resources, role in a particular context of the situation and specific goals. Bauman’s understanding of performance can be mapped to Fitzpatrick’s triangle in the three areas where Bauman’s assumption of responsibility aspect points to Fitzpatrick’s accepta nce of role in the context situation. While Fitzpatrick mentions goals aims and derived outcomes, these concur with Bauman’s display of performative competence. â€Å"This competence according to Bauman rests on the knowledge and ability to speak in socially appropriate ways which according to Fitzpatrick relates to the deployment of personal resources† (Henke, 2002, p. 34). Defining the Fitzpatrick terms Accordingly Fitzpatrick views performance in terms of the deployment of personal resources, goals, aims and desired outcome and acceptance of role in context of situation (Fitzpatrick, 1995). In a broader sense these personal resources would be performing artists in the Goffman frames. The personal resource refers to the entities that will contribute to the everyday or extra daily performance. The particulate behaviour as defined by Bateson defines the role in a particular context or situation.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on The Concept of Performance in Human Behaviour specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The objective of this particular behaviour is to be able to display performative competence which are actually the goals, aims or derived outcomes of the performance. Fitzpatrick’s triangle visually aids in effectively contextualizing lectures with performance being the central focus. To effectively gauge a lecture the performance of the performer or personal resource in this case the lecturer is vital. This largely depends on competency, the comprehension and the capability to speak in socially suitable ways. On the other hand lectures are effective and the lecturers are performing if there is a program and an outline of desired outcomes or results that can define the levels of performance in other words Bauman defines these as display of performative competence. To a large extend the success in terms of performance for a lecture depends on how well that lecture has attained the goals, aims and desired outcomes. That largely depends on the lecturer’s ability to display performative competence. Fitzpatrick’s triangle addresses a third and important aspect within the performance context. Basing on the lectures, the personal resource or the performer who in this context is the lecturer can only perform if they have acceptance from the audience or what Fitzpatrick terms as acceptance of role in context of the situation. In delivering the lecture the performer is seen to perform if they have a responsibility to an audience. This is the particular role in a particular context or situation. Conclusion Performance studies remains a broad subject today and covers a number of disciplines most of which borrow from the tenets of the scholars such as Fitzpatrick who have laid out a thorough foundation in performance studies. Being the broad aspect it is performance studies derivatives would include the fields such as anthropology, sociolog y, drama and theatre studies linguistics among others. Contributions Austin a speech act theorist serves to give us another dimension to understanding performance where according to him a statement can assert something what he calls the constantive as well as do something what he terms performative. With this idea has arisen performativity which is an attempt at defining the processes taking place around the world in terms of language especially so speech acts and how these acts affect the listener. What has resulted is an important view of the world in terms of performance a term referred to as performativity. Reference List Baumann, R., 1984. Verbal Art as Performance. Illinois: Waveland Press.Advertising Looking for assessment on rhetoric? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Fitzpatrick, T., 1995. The Relationship of Oral and Literate Performance Process in the Commedia Dell’Arte: Beyond the Improvisation / Memorization Divide. New York: Edwin Mellen Press. Goffman, E., 1959. The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life, 1st Ed. Colorado: Anchor Press. Henke, R., 2002. Performance and Literature in Commedia Dell’Arte. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Schmitt, N.C., 2010. Life on the Street in Commedia dell’ Arte Scenarios of Flamino Scala. Viator, 41 (1), pp. 367-393. Schmit, N.C., 2004. Commedia dell’Arte: Characters, Scenarios and Rhetoric. Text and Performance Quarterly, 24 (1), pp. 55-73. This assessment on The Concept of Performance in Human Behaviour was written and submitted by user Philip Mccarty to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

USS Wyoming (BB-32) - US Navy

USS Wyoming (BB-32) - US Navy USS Wyoming  (BB-32) - Overview: Nation:  United States Type:  Battleship Shipyard:  William Cramp Sons, Philadelphia, PA Laid Down:  February 9, 1910 Launched:  May 25, 1911 Commissioned:  September 25, 1912 Fate:  Sold for Scrap USS Wyoming  (BB-32) - Specifications: Displacement:  26,000  tons Length:  562 ft. Beam:  93.1 ft. Draft:  28.5 ft. Propulsion:  12  Babcock and Wilcox  coal-fired boilers  with oil spray, 4-shaft  Parsons  direct-drive  steam turbines Speed:  20.5  knots Complement:  1,063  men​ Armament: 12 Ãâ€"  12-inch/50 caliber Mark 7  guns21 Ãâ€"  5/51 caliber guns2 Ãâ€" 21  torpedo tubes ​USS Wyoming  (BB-32) - Design: Originating at the 1908 Newport Conference, the Wyoming-class of battleship represented the US Navys fourth type of dreadnought after the earlier  -,  -, and  -classes.   The initial design came about through war games and discussions as the preceding classes had not yet entered service.   Key among the conferences conclusions was the need for increasingly larger calibers of main armament.   Through the latter part of 1908, debate ensued over the layout and armament of the new class with various configurations being considered.   On March 30, 1909, Congress approved construction of two Design 601 battleships.   This design called for a ship approximately 20% larger than the  Florida-class and mounting twelve 12 guns.    Designated USS Wyoming  (BB-32) and USS  Arkansas  (BB-33), the two ships of the new class were powered by twelve Babcock and Wilcox coal-fired boilers with direct drive turbines turning four propellers.   Layout of the main armament saw the twelve 12 guns spread through six twin turrets in  superfiring (one firing over the other) pairs forward, amidships, and aft.   To support the main battery, designers added twenty-one 5 guns with the majority mounted in individual casemates below the main deck. In addition, the battleships carried two 21 torpedo tubes.   For protection, the Wyoming-class possessed a main armor belt eleven inches thick.    Assigned to William Cramp Sons in Philadelphia, work commenced on  Wyoming  on February 9, 1910.   Moving ahead over the next fifteen months, the new battleship slid down the ways May 25, 1911, with Dorothy Knight, daughter of Wyoming Supreme Court Chief Justice Jesse Knight, serving as sponsor.   With the completion of construction,  Wyoming  shifted to the Philadelphia Navy Yard where it entered commission on September 25, 1912, with Captain Frederick L. Chapin in command.   Steaming north, the new battleship finished final fitting out at the New York Navy Yard before sailing to join the Atlantic Fleet. USS Wyoming (BB-32) - Early Service: Arriving at Hampton Roads on December 30,  Wyoming became flagship for Rear Admiral Charles J. Badger, commander of the Atlantic Fleet.   Departing the following week, the battleship steamed south to the Panama Canal construction site before conducting exercises off Cuba.   Returning north in March,  Wyoming  underwent minor repairs before returning to the fleet.   The remainder of the year saw the battleship engaged in routine peacetime activities until October when it sailed for the Mediterranean to make goodwill visits to  Malta, Italy, and France.   Returning home in December, Wyoming entered the yard at New York for a brief overhaul before joining the Atlantic Fleet off Cuba for winter maneuvers the following month. In May 1914, Wyoming steamed south with a contingent of troops to support the US occupation of Veracruz which had commenced a few weeks earlier.   Remaining in the area, the battleship assisted operations  relating to the occupation into the fall.   Following repairs at New York, Wyoming spent the next two years following the  US Navys standard cycle of maneuvers in  northern waters during the summer and  in the Caribbean  in the winter.   Having completed exercises off Cuba in late March 1917, the battleship found itself off  Yorktown, VA when word arrived that the United States had declared war on Germany  and entered World War I. USS Wyoming (BB-32) - World War I: For the next seven months, Wyoming operated in the Chesapeake training engineers for the fleet.   That fall, the battleship received orders to join USS New York (BB-34), USS Florida (BB-30), and USS Delaware (BB-28) in Battleship Division 9.   Led by Rear Admiral Hugh Rodman, this formation departed in November to reinforce Admiral Sir David Beattys British Grand Fleet at Scapa Flow.   Arriving in  December, the force was redesignated the 6th Battle Squadron.   Commencing combat operations in February 1918, the American ships aided in protecting convoys bound for Norway. Continuing similar operations through the year, Wyoming became the squadrons flagship in October after New York collided with a German U-boat.   With the conflicts end in November, the battleship sortied with the Grand Fleet on the 21st to escort the German High Seas Fleet into internment at Scapa Flow.   On December  12, Wyoming,  carrying new squadron commander Rear  Admiral William Sims, sailed for  France where it rendezvoused with SS George Washington which was transporting President Woodrow Wilson to the peace conference at Versailles.   Following a brief port call in Britain, the battleship left European waters and arrived  at New York on Christmas Day. USS Wyoming (BB-32) - Postwar Years: Briefly serving as flagship of Battleship Division 7, Wyoming aided in directing a flight Curtiss NC-1 flying  boats on a trans-Atlantic flight in May 1919.   Entering Norfolk Navy Yard in July, the battleship underwent a  modernization program in anticipation of its transfer to the Pacific.   Designated flagship of the Pacific Fleets Battleship Division 6, Wyoming departed for the West Coast later that summer and arrived at San Diego on August 6.   Conducting maneuvers through the following year, the battleship then cruised to  Valparaiso, Chile in early 1921.   Transferred back to the Atlantic  that August, Wyoming  embarked the Atlantic Fleets commander Admiral Hilary P. Jones.   Over the next six years, the  vessel resumed its previous cycle of peacetime training which was only punctuated by a European cruise in 1924 which included  visits to Britain, the  Netherlands, Gibraltar, and the Azores. In 1927, Wyoming arrived at the Philadelphia Navy Yard  for an extensive  modernization.  Ã‚   This saw the addition of anti-torpedo bulges, the installation of new oil-fired boilers, as well as some alterations to the superstructure.  Ã‚  Completing a shakedown cruise in December, Wyoming became flagship of Vice Admiral Ashley Robertsons Scouting Fleet.   In this role for three years, it also aided in training NROTC detachments from several universities.   After brief service with Battleship Division 2, the aging Wyoming was  pulled  from frontline service and assigned to Rear Admiral Harley H. Christys Training Squadron.   Placed in reduced commission in January 1931,  efforts commenced to demilitarize the battleship in accordance with the London Naval  Treaty.   This saw the anti-torpedo bulges,  half the main battery, and the ships side armor removed. USS Wyoming (BB-32) - Training Ship: Brought back to active service in May, Wyoming embarked a contingent of midshipmen from the US Naval Academy and NROTC cadets for a training cruise to  Europe and the Caribbean.   Redesignated AG-17 in August, the former battleship spent the next five years in a training role.   In 1937, while taking part in amphibious assault exercise off California, a 5 shell accidently exploded killing six and wounding eleven.   Later that year, Wyoming conducted a goodwill call to Kiel, Germany where its crew  visited the pocket battleship Admiral Graf Spee.   With the beginning of World War II in Europe in September 1939, the ship assumed a place in the Atlantic  Naval Reserve Force.   Two years later,  Wyoming  commenced conversion into a gunnery training ship. Beginning this duty in November 1941, Wyoming  was operating off Platts Bank when word was received of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.   As the US Navy expanded to meet the demands of a two-ocean  war, the old battleship remained engaged in training gunners for the fleet.   Earning the nickname Chesapeake Raider for its frequent appearances in the bay, Wyoming  continued in this duty until January 1944.   Entering the yard at Norfolk, it commenced a modernization which saw the removal of its remaining 12 guns and the conversion of the turrets into single and  dual mounts for 5  guns.   Resuming its training mission in April, Wyoming remained in this role until June 30, 1945.   Ordered north it joined the Operational Development Force and  aided in devising tactics to combat Japanese kamikazes. With the end of the war, Wyoming continued to operate with this force.   Ordered to  Norfolk in 1947, it arrived on July 11 and was decommissioned on August 1.   Stricken from the Naval Vessel Registry on September 16, Wyoming was sold for scrap the following month.   Transferred to New York, this work began that December. Selected Sources: DANFS: USS  Wyoming  (BB-32)NHHC: USS  Wyoming  (BB-32)MaritimeQuest: USS  Wyoming  (BB-32)

Reflection of "Slingshot assignment #1 AET Movie Review

Reflection of "Slingshot assignment #1 AET - Movie Review Example Tom, Jim and Tim introduce the video with facts about what used to take place during these historical times where drag racing took the better part of the entertainment. These experiences of people taking pleasure in drag racing, in the backyards during the World War II, gives me a clear insight of the tremendous changes that car racing has undergone. I was taken back by the extent that the spectators took the entire racing as a hobby. I have seen spectators making an event lively but, this one (drag racing) immerses spectators in far much undying feeling of entertaining speed and adrenaline. It is clear that the entire world adored drag racing, which could be a reason for the fast development and change of the sport. In this regard, the sport has seen the light of every new day with tremendous economic changes. These changes have made it even better than before, with many people sparing time to take part in the drag race. Previously, I was worried about the accidents that the drag racers would encounter while attempting to push maximum limits. I thought that this auto racing sport may be a bit unsafe for the racers. I noticed instances where the racers cause accidents. For example, cars exploding, considering that the racer is placed literally on the engine in such a case the results is fatal. Also, the neck breaking speed can easily shatter one into pieces considering the light weight of the machine.There is need for safety measures. If a racing machine can go extremely fast, then it is right to have specific safety measures employed, just in case something bad happens. This may include roll cages, safety clothing and harnessing or an entire modification of the racing machine. This is evident in the modern day racing where significant modifications have been put in place. As a result, safety has improved. From this experience, I learn that, in life, I can push an extra mile, as long as I have prepar ed well for the worst. I also had

Domestic Or Foreign Firms In China Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Domestic Or Foreign Firms In China - Essay Example Remuneration packages and salary increases Wang, Chen, Hyde and Hsieh (2010) recruited a sample of 260 different employees working within multi-national corporations in Shanghai in the semiconductor industry to determine the potential relationship between intention to leave and pay systems at the firms. The questionnaire instruments utilised for the study provided results that pay satisfaction was the most significant method for satisfying employees and reducing turnover intentions (Wang et al. 2010). Offering wages that were higher than the competitive environment within other firms substantially increased Chinese employees’ organisational commitment. Cotton and Tuttle (1986) support these findings, indicating that HR strategies involving the development of remuneration and bonus packages greatly improved organisational commitment and, hence, reduced employee intention to leave the organisation. Even though not all companies have the financial resources available to offer hig h quality remuneration packages, there are opportunities for even smaller Chinese firms to use some sort of monetary incentives in a culture that legitimately values the importance of pay. The study conducted by Cotton and Tuttle (1986) illustrates that pay values are significantly important for Chinese staff members, a phenomenon which has endured into contemporary Chinese businesses. Another study conducted by Ming, Zivlak and Ljubicic (2011) engaged a sampling of Chinese employees in the fashion retail sector. Research findings indicated that 78 percent of respondents cited pay dissatisfaction as the primary motivator for wanting to leave the organisation. Turnover rates at the four different organisations were between 26.69 percent and 36.45 percent (Ming et al. 2011),... This paper stresses that the majority of contemporary HR strategies being utilised in Chinese firms are largely successful. Establishment of participative leadership practices gives employees a greater sense of ownership and value within the organisation, causing them to remain committed and dedicated to the organisation. Coupled with the establishment of autonomous working environments provides the same motivation and dedication which has the opportunity to reduce turnover ratios. This report makes a conclusion that the most fundamental finding of the research is the shifting dynamics of manager-employee relationships that confounds the traditional model of management in which there is ample power distance. Giving employees more communications, information and opportunities to share their opinion and innovative solutions better satisfies Chinese employees, whether a product of adopting Western models of business management or whether as a product of an evolving and liberalising culture. The engagement quality between managers and employees cannot be under-emphasised and more HR leaders should be training managers and developing communications systems that provide for a more decentralised environment. The only potential hindrance to active HR policy in China, as illustrated by the research, is the extent to which autonomous working systems have been established and implemented. Stress and anxiety as two potential outcomes of working independently of management control should be major concerns for HR managers in China attempting to reduce turnover through policies allowing for self-sufficiency and self-evaluation.

Role of Roman Emperors in the Spread of Christianity Essay Example for Free

Role of Roman Emperors in the Spread of Christianity Essay The very cruelty and hate of Christianity that various Roman emperors exhibited actually worked in favor of that religion. As it is said, The blood of martyrs is the seed of the Church, for in many ways, persecution was beneficial to the new religion. Persecution gave the Christians a chance to flex their spiritual muscles, which many did, to great effect. The miracles that took place during these martyrdoms converted many of the pagans, which in turn led to more martyrdoms. Persecution served, essentially, to strengthen the faith of those already Christians, and to convert those who were not. By the very cruelties with which the emperors attempted to crush the young religion they actually aided it. But one emperor who supported christianity is the one who played the biggest role among all emperors in spreading christianity. His name was Constantine. Constantine was a hugely influential emperor who changed the course of history and greatly affected the spread and development of Christianity. During Constantines reign, Roman art became less realistic. Simple and massive effects were preferred over classical forms and styles, and so art became more stylised. This culminated in the Christian era of artwork that would follow. For the next twelve years, Constantine and Licenius shared the government of the Empire. Constantine, convinced of the power of his vision and subsequent victory in battle, was the first Roman Emperor to adopt Christianity. Christians were still persecuted at this time, and so in 313 Constantine issued an official edict of toleration. The Edict of Milan not only protected Christians, but granted greater rights to followers of all religions. In 324 the Empire faced many difficulties, and Constantine defeated Licinius and became the sole Emperor. As the emperor, Constantine quickly moved the capital of the Roman empire from Rome to Constantinople (now known as Istanbul). In 325, Constantine assembled the Council at Nicaea with a group of bishops. The counsel debated many doctrinal points concerning Christianity, and created the Nicaean creed to unify Christian doctrine and practices. Some common beliefs of the early Christian church were at this point voted against and eradicated from the Churchs teachings. This was the first time that church and state began to merge, and that the imperial office was used to strengthen a church. For Constantine, his motivations were probably as much political as religious. The number of Christians was increasing within the empire, as was the influence of the church. Merging the two strengthened the power of both. From Constantines rule on, Christianity was the official religion of the empire. The Christian Church was granted tax exempt status, and Roman coins issued during this period have a cross on them. Although Constantine had long supported Christianity, he was not baptized until he was on his deathbed. He died in 337. Constitine, who was the Emperor of Rome was a Pagan. Before going into battle he thought he saw Jesus initials in the clouds and determined it was an omen and had his men put those initials on their shields. Well, Constitine won that battle and subsequently summoned all priests of stature into Rome to create the Bible. They went through the various books that had been written and pared that big pile of writings down into what became the bible. Constitine then proclaimed that christianity was the official religion of Rome and the Roman Empire.

The Life of Frederick Douglass :: American History Slavery Narratives Essays

The Life of Frederick Douglass Frederick Douglass was born in Tuckahoe, Maryland, near Hillsborough. He doesn’t know for sure of his age, he has seen no proof and his master will not inform him. Most masters prefer for their slaves to stay ignorant. He believes that he was around twenty-seven and twenty-eight when he began writing his narrative - he overheard his master say he was about seventeen years of age during 1835. His mother, Harriet Bailey, was separated from him when he was an infant and she died when he was seven years old. Frederick’s father was a white man who could have been his master but he never found out. Education was of utmost importance in his life. He received his first lesson while living with Mr. and Mrs. Auld. Sophia Auld, Frederick’s "mistress", was very humane to him and spent time teaching him the A, B, C’s. After he mastered this, she assisted him in spelling three and four letter words. At this point in his lesson Mr. Auld encountered what his wife was doing for Frederick and forbid her to continue. He believed that "if you give a nigger an inch, he will take an ell" and continuing with "learning would spoil the best nigger in the world". The masters felt that an ignorant slave formed a choice slave and any beneficial learning would damage the slave and therefore be futile to his master. His next step on the road to success was during his seven years living with Master Hugh’s family. Frederick would make friends with as many white boys as he possibly could on the street. His new friends would be transformed into teachers. When he could, Frederick carried bread on him as a means of trade to the famished kids for knowledge. He would also carry a book anytime he had an errand to run. The errand would be completed quickly, allowing extra study time. When Frederick was working in Durgin and Bailey’s ship-yard he would notice timber marked with various letters. He soon discovered how the letters matched the type of wood and the names of these letters. Any boy he met that could write he would challenge them to a writing contest. Frederick would use the letters he recently learned and told the child to challenge that. He then copied the Italics in Webster’s Spelling Book until he knew them well.

How Do Speeches Offer Practical Solutions and Optimism in Times of Social Division and Racial Conflict?

Great speeches offering practical solutions, optimism for the future and moral clarity can unify and motivate people in times of social conflict and racial division. Subsequently, an understanding of people and the world is developed, and a relationship between the voice and the audience is created. This profound level of optimism and hope can be seen in JFK’s Inaugural Address, and Jessie Street’s Is It to Be Back to the Kitchen? A relative distinctive voice is also significantly found in Anthony Burgess’ classic novel, A Clockwork Orange. The compelling speeches display a significant level of hope and optimism by creating a distinctive, reasoning and humble voice that addresses issues of inequality and racial conflict; and by outlining their intention of unifying and motivating the nation in order to create change and a more prosperous future. This allows a greater understanding of people and the world, and can be compared to the ever-changing voice portrayed in A Clockwork Orange. John F. Kennedy once said, â€Å"I am not the Catholic candidate for President. I am the Democratic Party's candidate for President, who happens also to be a Catholic. † In this single sentence, he uses a method of Aristotle’s persuasive speech making. One of the greatest examples of using rhetorical strategies is indeed John F. Kennedy’s inaugural address of 1961. JFK uses diction, syntax, and Aristotle’s method of persuasion in his inaugural address that not only made it uniquely his own, but made it undoubtedly one of the best, emotion-tugging speeches ever . He displays certain distinctive qualities in his voice that provide a unifying and motivating sense of hope. Kennedy appears to be humble and reasoning, and offers practical solutions and optimism for the future of the nation through various discourses to establish his â€Å"good character†. As Kennedy was a powerful and authoritative figure of that time, he was able to create a profoundly influential and famous speech that not only captured the audience’s attention, but allowed a sense of hope, optimism and moral clarity in a difficult time. He does this through his range of discourses throughout the speech, including religious and cultural. For example, Kennedy states that â€Å"the belief that the rights of man come not from the generosity of the state, but from the hand of God. † By saying this, he suggests that â€Å"God† is not a religious stranger, but rather a trustworthy, like-minded leader. This technique opens the minds of listeners and allows his audience to be influenced and lead by his powerful directional voice. Through this masterful and influential voice, he both motivates and his audience on an emotional level and reassures them as to the reasonableness of his call to action on an intellectual level. This opens a greater and deeper understanding of the world and the way in which directional and influential voices allow the world to remain optimistic and become unified in a time of social conflict and racial division. Similarly, opposite techniques are used in Jessie Street’s â€Å"Is It to be Back to the Kitchen? † are used to achieve a similar outcome- through her influence and distinctive voice. In comparison to JFK’s Inaugural Address, in Jessie Street’s â€Å"Is It to be Back to the Kitchen? a distinctive voice occurs, in which Street addresses the nation in a much more straight-forward and uncomplicated way. This is a significantly powerful yet excessively prosaic speech that both unifies the nation, and offers a sense of hope and optimism in a time of social conflict and racial division. The strong and highly influential views of Street are conveyed through her distinctive unifying voice, and her ability to convey her message on the level of her listeners without seeming condescending or superior. Street's distinctive voice is highly prosaic, and possesses a somewhat conversational quality, that allows her to convey her powerful message at a deeply personal and casual level, that is straight forward and easy to understand. She also augments this by using rhetorical questions and repetition of questioning, and by addressing her audience directly. This applies throughout the entire speech. For example, when Street asks â€Å"Do you remember that one of the first things that the Nazis did when they came to power was to put the women out of the professions; out of the factories? or â€Å"Don’t you agree? † not only is Street directly addressing her audience to reach them on a personal level, she is also using excessively prosaic language to come to terms with her audience and level with them in a reasoning way. By using this significantly prosaic and reasoning language, we are able to identify ways in which a message can be conveyed through everyday conversation, ra ther than by giving a highly thought-out and eloquent speech. Similarly, the colloquial yet unusual speech of A Clockwork Orange is highly distinctive, and Alex’s vileness in A Clockwork Orange underlines the theme that human beings, no matter how depraved, shouldn’t be deprived of their freedom of self-determination. The State’s destruction of Alex’s ability to make his own moral choices represents a greater evil than any of Alex’s crimes, since turning Alex into an automaton ultimately sanctions the notion that human nature is dispensable. Alex truly grows as a human being only in the last chapter, after the government removes his conditioning and he can see the error of his ways for himself, without the prompting of an external, controlling force. In contradiction to previous points made, this restriction and deprivation of voice In conclusion, when composers use distinctive voices in their texts they allow us to better understand significant issues in the world and the people in the world who are involved in these issues, which is the nation as a whole. Great speeches offering practical solutions, optimism for the future and moral clarity can unify and motivate people in times of social conflict and racial division. Subsequently, an understanding of people and the world is developed, and a relationship between the voice and the audience is created. This can be seen clearly in JFK’s Inaugural Address, and Jessie Street’s Is It to be Back to the Kitchen? I is also highly relevant in Anthony Burgess’ classic novel A Clockwork Orange. These texts allow us to significant issues and the world and understand people and the world through the use of distinctive voices.

The Portrayal of Rural Life in 18th Century Poetry Essay

Discuss the portrayal of rural life in one or more of the passages. In this essay I will be exploring the presentation of rural life in eighteenth century poetry, by studying the poetic conventions of anti-pastoral poetry and more particularly by analysing `The Threshers labour by Stephen Duck. I will approach the issue by first of all addressing the meaning of pastoral poetry, and more specifically what pastoral poetry meant to eighteenth century poets, before looking at the meaning of anti-pastoral as opposed to pastoral. I will then perform a close reading of Ducks `The Threshers Labour as a challenge to the traditional pastoral form. The traditional subject of pastoral poetry was that of life in the country, particularly†¦show more content†¦The Victorian poet Mathew Arnold changed his pastoral view of nature in his poem Dover Beach written in 1851. He realised that the `natural world can no longer be constructed as a land of dreams, but is in fact a bleak battle for survival without divine purpose (Gifford, 1999, p120). This is the essence of anti-pastoral poetry, to write about the realties of rural life rather than indulge in the `beauty of the country with no reference to the hardship of country life. `The Threshers Labour (1736) is Ducks depiction of the hard realities of country life that would not be found in traditional pastoral poetry of the period. Duck had previously worked as a thresher and so had experienced the hardships of the trade. Manual labour is the central subject of the poem, which immediately places it as anti-pastoral, as opposed to traditional pastoral poetry of the period such as that of Popes Windsor Forest, that depicts the `beauty of county life. This is perhaps why this poem encounters problems of genre. As Sambrook states: The Threshers Labour is one of the earliest eighteenth-century poems to belong to no recognised literary kind....pastoral, anti-pastoral, counter-pastoral, georgic, anti-georgic, or plebian georgic, `The Threshers Labour has been called all of these, but still there remains no critical consensus. (Sambrook, 1993, p) As this quote suggests, Ducks poem cannot easily be placed into one set of poetic conventions. However I plan to showShow MoreRelated Comparison of the Portrayal of Nature in Blake and Wordsworth1518 Words   |  7 PagesComparison of the Portrayal of Nature in Blake and Wordsworth One of the most popular themes for Romantic poetry in England was nature and an appreciation for natural beauty. The English Romantic poets were generally concerned with the human imagination as a counter to the rise of science. The growing intellectual movement of the 18th and 19th centuries placed scientific thought in the forefront of all knowledge, basing reality in material objects. The Romantics found this form of world viewRead MoreIndian English Novel17483 Words   |  70 PagesIndian novels which were merely patriotic gained a rather contemporary touch with the coming of Mulk Raj Anand, Raja Rao and R.K.Narayan. The social disparity of India which was aptly described by Mulk Raj Anand in his Coolie, the imaginary village life with its entire unedited realities in R.K. Narayan`s Malgudi Days and last but not the least the aura of Gandhism depicted by Raja Rao in his remarkable novel Kanthapura portrayed a whole new India. The need of the `foreigners` depicting IndiaRead More One Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesPerspectives on the Past, edited by Susan Porter Benson, Stephen Brier, and Roy Rosenzweig Also in this series: Paula Hamilton and Linda Shopes, eds., Oral History and Public Memories Tiffany Ruby Patterson, Zora Neale Hurston and a History of Southern Life Lisa M. Fine, The Story of Reo Joe: Work, Kin, and Community in Autotown, U.S.A. Van Gosse and Richard Moser, eds., The World the Sixties Made: Politics and Culture in Recent America Joanne Meyerowitz, ed., History and September 11th John McMillian