Disneys Americas Theme Park The Third Battle of Bull Run Free Essay Example, 1000 words

The project would employ engineers, architects and laborers. Also, the existing as well as new markets would provide new job opportunities. The project by the Disney Company was to involve participation of historians and thus it was expected to make a significant educational contribution to the American population (Huh, 2001). Another key player in the project was the state and the local government. The Virginia Governor at the time Mr. George Allen supported the Disneys Prince William Co. project. He saw it as a crucial part for the states economic renaissance. It was apparent that the local community would benefit from thousands of job opportunity and the $47 million per year taxes justified the taxpayers burden of the project development. Among the state legislatures, both support and opposition for the project were evident. The Governor also insisted on the need of the improvement of the road transport through construction of and implementation of existing highways. Debates also in the House and Senate focused on the financial matters and this resulted to an incentive package for the project and approval of $160 million for the road construction (Rich, 1994). We will write a custom essay sample on Disney's America's Theme Park: The Third Battle of Bull Run or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Opponents also played a key role. Those that were in opposition focused on the site choice of the plan instead of whether the theme-park should be availed in Virginia. They also responded to the projections of job creation from both Disney and the Governor arguing that unemployment was high in the Northern Virginia related to the rest of the state. Citizens were also warned of the high cost to them as taxpayers for the infrastructure development which will entail the proposed project. Environmentalists also spearheaded the efforts to protect the site from development. They argued that suburban sprawl threatened the rural landscape, and the hilly topography with the influx of roads, malls and condominiums. They also stated that the presence of new roads and increased traffic would result in more noise and air pollution (Meehan, n.d). After Disney announced their project they undertook the effort to win over the state and the local government. Disney also asked the state to bear some of the costs of the new park. The company entered negotiations with the National Park Service at the Manassas Park and agreed to put the height of its buildings to 140 feet so as they would not be visible outside the park. Disney agreed also to develop a special transit bus system that would cater for transportation of 10 percent of employees and 22 percent of the Disney guests.

The Economic Life Of John Maynard Keynes - 1155 Words

The Economic Life of John Maynard Keynes Morgan State University Julius Sesay Social Science 101.002 Prof. J Mohan October 4, 2016 Abstract According to my studies, I’m going to talk about John Maynard Keynes and his economic life. He is one of the most recognizable and influential economist of the 20th Century. For my research, I was summarizing about the life-term history of the world’s brilliant economist, who made economics possible. The paper will be about how his economic life change the world and how is he well-focused on his learnings from his teachers and professors. The way he was well-known as a wealth expert on saving his money. The important facts about his creation on macroeconomics and what Keynesian economics is all about. The whole aspect of Economics and the Holocaust is going to be about what the true legacy of John Maynard Keynes. Even if I’m not 100 percent correct, as Keynes would always say, â€Å"It is better to be roughly right than precisely wrong.† Keywords: economics, Holocaust, wealth, Jews, Germans, Keynesian, Maus, goals, predecessors, familes, and bonds; etc. John Maynard Keynes was a great inspiration knowledge profession because at critical times which was the 1930’s, when with the on-stock of the Market Crash, â€Å"The Great Depression†, he saw very little correspondence between orthodox theory and the challenges that society faced. He was born on June 3rd, 1883 in Cambridge, England. His Father,Show MoreRelatedBiography of John Maynard Keynes Essay990 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout the history of economics, there have been many experts and professors whose ideas and theories have fundamentally affected our thoughts and practices, but none has been as influential on this subject as John Maynard Keynes. He was a British economist who revolutionized economic thinking and to this day his work continues to be appreciated and utilized by many into what is known as â€Å"Keynesian Economics.† John Maynard Keynes was an Englishman born in 1883, who went on to become one of theRead MoreKeynesian Theory And Aggregate Demand1499 Words   |  6 PagesThe great depression in the 1930’s devastated the economic market, but also produced two of the greatest economists to ever live, John Maynard Keynes and Friedrich August Hayek. Why did the economist John Maynard Keynes advocate for the government to have an active role with influencing the level of economic activity. This is because Keynes believes that this will stimulate the economic activity and bring the country out of economic drought. Keynes’ theory leads to the government influencing the levelRead MoreKeynes : A Very Short Introduction1578 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Keynes: A Very Short Introduction† Book Report A philosopher, politician, economist, and much more, John Maynard Keynes had a profound impact on early and mid 20th century society, and continues to have a lasting impression on the economic ideologies and theories of today. Nevertheless, outside of the economic world, Keynes’ name remains a perplexing and unfamiliar one. The biography â€Å"Keynes: A Very Short Introduction† by Robert Skidelsky explores Keynes’ life and how his economic ideas and theoriesRead More John Maynard Keynes Essay examples4182 Words   |  17 PagesJohn Maynard Keynes John Maynard Keynes was born in 1883 which means he lived around the same time period as the seven creative individuals which Howard Gardner chose to focus on in his book Creating Minds. 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Shiller are two recognized economists who made numerous pieces of research to emphasize the link between Economics and Psychology. In their book Akerlof and Shiller introduce the concept of â€Å"animal spirits† and how the world’s economy is driven by this. According with their view, these â€Å"animal spirits† are composed of: confidence, fairness, antisocial behaviourRead MoreThe Change Of The East India Company Monopoly1478 Words   |  6 Pagesfriendship networks with well-known economist such as, David Ricardo, Jeremy Bethem, James Mill and Thomas Malthus. At the time, he visited Glasgow; he got a chance to sit on the professorial chair of Adam Smith, and this marked an emotional period in his life. Without a doubt, his perspective of England could not go without observation and criticism of his fresh acquaintances, particularly their view on the East India Company monopoly, as well as, the agricultural protection ism of England via the Corn LawsRead MoreClassical Political Economy Of Social Democracy1288 Words   |  6 Pages John Maynard Keynes Jose Antonio Cova Principles of Economics (Macro) 2013 Professor Sealey September 27,2014 Keynes, one of the bastions of classical political economy of social democracy, was born in 1883 in Cambridge. After studying at Eton and graduating as an economist at Cambridge University, he went to work in the British India Office. Contact with the performance of the Indian economy was the basis of his first work, the money and finance in India, published in 1913 and well knownRead More Milton Friedman Essay1059 Words   |  5 Pages Milton Friedman Milton Friedman is known as one of the top economists in the world. He has a Ph. 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Part Five Chapter III Free Essays

string(72) " was unscrewing the cap of a bottle of vodka and pouring out a measure\." III To Gavin’s disappointment, it seemed that he would have to attend Howard Mollison’s birthday party after all. If Mary, a client of the firm and the widow of his best friend, had asked him to stay for dinner, he would have considered himself more than justified in skipping it †¦ but Mary had not asked him to stay. She had family visiting, and she had been oddly flustered when he had turned up. We will write a custom essay sample on Part Five Chapter III or any similar topic only for you Order Now She doesn’t want them to know, he thought, taking comfort in her self-consciousness as she ushered him towards the door. He drove back to the Smithy, replaying his conversation with Kay in his mind. I thought he was your best friend. He’s only been dead a few weeks! Yeah, and I was looking after her for Barry, he retorted in his head, which is what he’d have wanted. Neither of us expected this to happen. Barry’s dead. It can’t hurt him now. Alone in the Smithy he looked out a clean suit for the party, because the invitation said ‘formal’, and tried to imagine gossipy little Pagford relishing the story of Gavin and Mary. So what? he thought, staggered by his own bravery. Is she supposed to be alone for ever? It happens. I was looking after her. And in spite of his reluctance to attend a party that was sure to be dull and exhausting, he was buoyed inside by a little bubble of excitement and happiness. Up in Hilltop House, Andrew Price was styling his hair with his mother’s blow-drier. He had never looked forward to a disco or a party as much as he had longed for tonight. He, Gaia and Sukhvinder were being paid by Howard to serve food and drinks at the party. Howard had hired him a uniform for the occasion: a white shirt, black trousers and a bow tie. He would be working alongside Gaia, not as potboy but as a waiter. But there was more to his anticipation than this. Gaia had split up with the legendary Marco de Luca. He had found her crying about it in the back yard of the Copper Kettle that afternoon, when he had gone outside for a smoke. ‘His loss,’ Andrew had said, trying to keep the delight out of his voice. And she had sniffed and said, ‘Cheers, Andy.’ ‘You little poofter,’ said Simon, when Andrew finally turned off the drier. He had been waiting to say it for several minutes, standing on the dark landing, staring through the gap in the door, which was ajar, watching Andrew preen himself in the mirror. Andrew jumped, then laughed. His good humour discomposed Simon. ‘Look at you,’ he jeered, as Andrew passed him on the landing in his shirt and bow tie. ‘With your dicky-bow. You look a twat.’ And you’re unemployed, and I did it to you, dickhead. Andrew’s feelings about what he had done to his father changed almost hourly. Sometimes the guilt would bear down on him, tainting everything, but then it would melt away, leaving him glorying in his secret triumph. Tonight, the thought of it gave extra heat to the excitement burning beneath Andrew’s thin white shirt, an additional tingle to the goose-flesh caused by the rush of evening air as he sped, on Simon’s racing bike, down the hill into town. He was excited, full of hope. Gaia was available and vulnerable. Her father lived in Reading. Shirley Mollison was standing in a party dress outside the church hall when he cycled up, tying giant gold helium balloons in the shapes of fives and sixes to the railings. ‘Hello, Andrew,’ she trilled. ‘Bike away from the entrance, please.’ He wheeled it along to the corner, passing a brand-new, racing green BMW convertible parked feet away. He walked around the car on his way inside, taking in the luxurious inner fittings. ‘And here’s Andy!’ Andrew saw at once that his boss’s good humour and excitement were equal to his own. Howard was striding down the hall, wearing an immense velvet dinner jacket; he resembled a conjuror. There were only five or six other people dotted around: the party would not start for twenty minutes. Blue, white and gold balloons had been fastened up everywhere. There was a massive trestle table largely covered in plates draped with tea-towels, and at the top of the hall a middle-aged DJ setting up his equipment. ‘Go help Maureen, Andy, will you?’ She was laying out glasses at one end of the long table, caught gaudily in a stream of light from an overhead lamp. ‘Don’t you look handsome!’ she croaked as he approached. She was wearing a scant, stretchy shiny dress that revealed every contour of the bony body to which unexpected little rolls and pads of flesh still clung, exposed by the unforgiving fabric. From somewhere out of sight came a small ‘hi’; Gaia was crouching over a box of plates on the floor. ‘Glasses out of boxes, please, Andy,’ said Maureen, ‘and set them up here, where we’re having the bar.’ He did as he was told. As he unpacked the box, a woman he had never seen before approached, carrying several bottles of champagne. ‘These should go in the fridge, if there is one.’ She had Howard’s straight nose, Howard’s big blue eyes and Howard’s curly fair hair, but whereas his features were womanish, softened by fat, his daughter – she had to be his daughter – was unpretty yet striking, with low brows, big eyes and a cleft chin. She was wearing trousers and an open-necked silk shirt. After dumping the bottles onto the table she turned away. Her demeanour, and something about the quality of her clothing, made Andrew sure that she was the owner of the BMW outside. ‘That’s Patricia,’ whispered Gaia in his ear, and his skin tingled again as though she carried an electric charge. ‘Howard’s daughter.’ ‘Yeah, I thought so,’ he said, but he was much more interested to see that Gaia was unscrewing the cap of a bottle of vodka and pouring out a measure. You read "Part Five Chapter III" in category "Essay examples" As he watched, she drank it straight off with a little shudder. She had barely replaced the top when Maureen reappeared beside them with an ice bucket. ‘Bloody old slapper,’ said Gaia, as Maureen walked away, and Andrew smelt the spirits on her breath. ‘Look at the state of her.’ He laughed, turned and stopped abruptly, because Shirley was right beside them, smiling her pussycat smile. ‘Has Miss Jawanda not arrived yet?’ she asked. ‘She’s on her way, she just texted me,’ said Gaia. But Shirley did not really care where Sukhvinder was. She had overheard Andrew and Gaia’s little exchange about Maureen, and it had completely restored the good mood that had been dented by Maureen’s evident delight in her own toilette. It was difficult to satisfactorily puncture self-esteem so obtuse, so deluded, but as Shirley walked away from the teenagers towards the DJ, she planned what she would say to Howard the next time she saw him alone. I’m afraid the young ones were, well, laughing at Maureen †¦ it’s such a pity she wore that dress †¦ I hate seeing her make a fool of herself. There was plenty to be pleased about, Shirley reminded herself, for she needed a little bolstering tonight. She and Howard and Miles were all going to be on the council together; it would be marvellous, simply marvellous. She checked that the DJ knew that Howard’s favourite song was ‘The Green, Green Grass of Home’, Tom Jones’ version, and looked around for more little jobs to do: but instead her gaze fell upon the reason that her happiness, tonight, had not quite that perfect quality she had anticipated. Patricia was standing alone, staring up at the Pagford coat of arms on the wall, and making no effort to talk to anybody. Shirley wished that Patricia would wear a skirt sometimes; but at least she had arrived alone. Shirley had been afraid that the BMW might contain another person, and that absence was something gained. You weren’t supposed to dislike your own child; you were supposed to like them no matter what, even if they were not what you wanted, even if they turned out to be the kind of person that you would have crossed the street to avoid had you not been related. Howard took a large view of the whole matter; he even joked about it, in a mild way, beyond Patricia’s hearing. Shirley could not rise to those heights of detachment. She felt compelled to join Patricia, in the vague, unconscious hope that she might dilute the strangeness she was afraid everyone else would smell by her own exemplary dress and behaviour. ‘Do you want a drink, darling?’ ‘Not yet,’ said Patricia, still staring up at the Pagford arms. ‘I had a heavy night last night. Probably still over the limit. We were out drinking with Melly’s office pals.’ Shirley smiled vaguely up at the crest above them. ‘Melly’s fine, thanks for asking,’ said Patricia. ‘Oh, good,’ said Shirley. ‘I liked the invitation,’ said Patricia. ‘Pat and guest.’ ‘I’m sorry, darling, but that’s just what you put, you know, when people aren’t married – ‘ ‘Ah, that’s what it says in Debrett’s, does it? Well, Melly didn’t want to come if she wasn’t even named on the invitation, so we had a massive row, and here I am, alone. Result, eh?’ Patricia stalked away towards the drinks, leaving Shirley a little shaken behind her. Patricia’s rages had been frightening even as a child. ‘You’re late, Miss Jawanda,’ she called, recovering her composure as a flustered Sukhvinder came hurrying towards her. In Shirley’s opinion, the girl was demonstrating a kind of insolence turning up at all, after what her mother had said to Howard, here, in this very hall. She watched her hurry to join Andrew and Gaia, and thought that she would tell Howard that they ought to let Sukhvinder go. She was tardy, and there was probably a hygiene issue with the eczema she was hiding under the long-sleeved black T-shirt; Shirley made a mental note to check whether it was contagious, on her favourite medical website. Guests began to arrive promptly at eight o’clock. Howard told Gaia to come and stand beside him and collect coats, because he wanted everyone to see him ordering her around by name, in that little black dress and frilly apron. But there were soon too many coats for her to carry alone, so he summoned Andrew to help. ‘Nick a bottle,’ Gaia ordered Andrew, as they hung coats three and four deep in the tiny cloakroom, ‘and hide it in the kitchen. We can take it in turns to go and have some.’ ‘OK,’ said Andrew, elated. ‘Gavin!’ cried Howard, as his son’s partner came through the door alone at half-past eight. ‘Kay not with you, Gavin?’ asked Shirley swiftly (Maureen was changing into sparkly stilettos behind the trestle table, so there was very little time to steal a march on her). ‘No, she couldn’t make it, unfortunately,’ said Gavin; then, to his horror, he came face to face with Gaia, who was waiting to take his coat. ‘Mum could have made it,’ said Gaia, in a clear, carrying voice, as she glared at him. ‘But Gavin’s dumped her, haven’t you, Gav?’ Howard clapped Gavin on the shoulder, pretending he had not heard, and boomed, ‘Great to see you, go get yourself a drink.’ Shirley’s expression remained impassive, but the thrill of the moment did not subside quickly, and she was a little dazed and dreamy, greeting the next few guests. When Maureen tottered over in her awful dress to join the greeting party, Shirley took immense pleasure in telling her quietly: ‘We’ve had a very awkward little scene. Very awkward. Gavin and Gaia’s mother †¦ oh, dear †¦ if we’d known †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ ‘What? What’s happened?’ But Shirley shook her head, savouring the exquisite pleasure of Maureen’s frustrated curiosity, and opened her arms wide as Miles, Samantha and Lexie entered the hall. ‘Here he is! Parish Councillor Miles Mollison!’ Samantha watched Shirley hugging Miles as though from a great distance. She had moved so abruptly from happiness and anticipation to shock and disappointment that her thoughts had become white noise, against which she had to fight to take in the exterior world. (Miles had said: ‘That’s great! You can come to Dad’s party, you were only just saying – ‘ ‘Yes,’ she had replied, ‘I know. It is great, isn’t it?’ But when he had seen her dressed in the jeans and band T-shirt she had been visualizing herself in for over a week, he had been perplexed. ‘It’s formal.’ ‘Miles, it’s the church hall in Pagford.’ ‘I know, but the invitation – ‘ ‘I’m wearing this.’) ‘Hello, Sammy,’ said Howard. ‘Look at you. You needn’t have dressed up.’ But his embrace was as lascivious as ever, and he patted her tightly jeaned backside. Samantha gave Shirley a cold tight smile and walked past her towards the drinks. A nasty voice inside her head was asking: but what did you think was going to happen at the concert, anyway? What was the point? What were you after? Nothing. A bit of fun. The dream of strong young arms and laughter, which was to have had some kind of catharsis tonight; her own thin waist encircled again, and the sharp taste of the new, the unexplored; her fantasy had lost wings, it was plummeting back to earth †¦ I only wanted to look. ‘Looking good, Sammy.’ ‘Cheers, Pat.’ She had not met her sister-in-law for over a year. I like you more than anyone else in this family, Pat. Miles had caught up with her; he kissed his sister. ‘How are you? How’s Mel? Isn’t she here?’ ‘No, she didn’t want to come,’ said Patricia. She was drinking champagne, but from her expression, it might have been vinegar. ‘The invitation said Pat and guest are invited †¦ huge bloody row. One up to Mum.’ ‘Oh, Pat, come on,’ said Miles, smiling. ‘Oh, Pat, fucking come on what, Miles?’ A furious delight took hold of Samantha: a pretext to attack. ‘That’s a bloody rude way to invite your sister’s partner and you know it, Miles. Your mother could do with some lessons in manners, if you ask me.’ He was fatter, surely, than he had been a year ago. She could see his neck bulging over the collar of his shirt. His breath went sour quickly. He had a little trick of bouncing on his toes that he had caught from his father. She experienced a surge of physical disgust and walked away to the end of the trestle table, where Andrew and Sukhvinder were busy filling and handing out glasses. ‘Have you got any gin?’ Samantha asked. ‘Give me a big one.’ She barely recognized Andrew. He poured her a measure, trying not to look at her breasts, boundlessly exposed in the T-shirt, but it was like trying not to squint in direct sunlight. ‘Do you know them?’ Samantha asked, after downing half a glass of gin and tonic. A blush had risen before Andrew could marshal his thoughts. To his horror, she gave a reckless cackle, and said, ‘The band. I’m talking about the band.’ ‘Yeah, I – yeah, I’ve heard of them. I don’t †¦ not my kind of thing.’ ‘Is that right?’ she said, throwing back the rest of her drink. ‘I’ll have another one of those, please.’ She realized who he was: the mousy boy from the delicatessen. His uniform made him look older. Maybe a couple of weeks of lugging pallets up and down the cellar steps had built some muscle. ‘Oh, look,’ said Samantha, spotting a figure heading away from her into the growing crowd, ‘there’s Gavin. The second most boring man in Pagford. After my husband, obviously.’ She strode off, pleased with herself, holding her new drink; the gin had hit her where she most needed it, anaesthetizing and stimulating at the same time, and as she walked she thought: he liked my tits; let’s see what he thinks of my arse. Gavin saw Samantha coming and tried to deflect her by joining somebody else’s conversation, anybody’s; the nearest person was Howard and he insinuated himself hastily into the group around his host. ‘I took a risk,’ Howard was saying to three other men; he was waving a cigar, and a little ash had dribbled down the front of his velvet jacket. ‘I took a risk and I put in the graft. Simple as that. No magic formula. Nobody handed me – oh, here’s Sammy. Who are those young men, Samantha?’ While four elderly men stared at the pop group stretched across her breasts, Samantha turned to Gavin. ‘Hi,’ she said, leaning in and forcing him to kiss her. ‘Kay not here?’ ‘No,’ said Gavin shortly. ‘Talking about business, Sammy,’ said Howard happily, and Samantha thought of her shop, failed and finished. ‘I was a self-starter,’ he informed the group, reprising what was clearly an established theme. ‘That’s all there is to it. That’s all you need. I was a self-starter.’ Massive and globular, he was like a miniature velvety sun, radiating satisfaction and contentment. His tones were already rounded and mellowed by the brandy in his hand. ‘I was ready to take a risk – could’ve lost everything.’ ‘Well, your mum could have lost everything,’ Samantha corrected him. ‘Didn’t Hilda mortgage her house to put up half the deposit on the shop?’ She saw the tiny flicker in Howard’s eyes, but his smile remained constant. ‘All credit to my mother, then,’ he said, ‘for working and scrimping and saving, and giving her son a start. I multiply what I was given, and I give back to the family – pay for your girls to go to St Anne’s – what goes round, comes round, eh, Sammy?’ She expected this from Shirley, but not from Howard. Both of them drained their glasses, and Samantha watched Gavin drift away without trying to stop him. Gavin was wondering whether it would be possible to slip out unnoticed. He was nervous, and the noise was making it worse. A horrible idea had taken possession of him since meeting Gaia at the door. What if Kay had told her daughter everything? What if the girl knew that he was in love with Mary Fairbrother, and told other people? It was the sort of thing that a vengeful sixteen-year-old might do. The very last thing he wanted was for Pagford to know that he was in love with Mary before he had a chance to tell her himself. He had imagined doing it months and months hence, perhaps a year down the line †¦ letting the first anniversary of Barry’s death slip by †¦ and, in the mean time, nurturing the tiny shoots of trust and reliance that were already there, so that the reality of her feelings stole gradually upon her, as they had upon him †¦ ‘You haven’t got a drink, Gav!’ said Miles. ‘That situation must be remedied!’ He led his partner firmly to the drinks table and poured him a beer, talking all the while, and, like Howard, giving off an almost visible glow of happiness and pride. ‘You heard I won the seat?’ Gavin had not, but he did not feel equal to feigning surprise. ‘Yeah. Congratulations.’ ‘How’s Mary?’ asked Miles expansively; he was a friend to the whole town tonight, because it had elected him. ‘She doing OK?’ ‘Yeah, I think – ‘ ‘I heard she might be going to Liverpool. Might be for the best.’ ‘What?’ said Gavin sharply. ‘Maureen was saying this morning; apparently, Mary’s sister’s trying to persuade Mary to go home with the kids. She’s still got a lot of family in Liver – ‘ ‘This is her home.’ ‘I think it was Barry who liked Pagford. I’m not sure Mary will want to stay without him.’ Gaia was watching Gavin through a chink in the kitchen door. She was clutching a paper cup containing several fingers of the vodka that Andrew had stolen for her. ‘He’s such a bastard,’ she said. ‘We’d still be in Hackney if he hadn’t led Mum on. She’s so bloody stupid. I could have told her he wasn’t that interested. He never took her out. He couldn’t wait to leave after they’d shagged.’ Andrew, who was piling additional sandwiches on an almost empty platter behind her, could hardly believe that she was using words like shagged. The chimeric Gaia who filled his fantasies was a sexually inventive and adventurous virgin. He did not know what the real Gaia had done, or not done, with Marco de Luca. Her judgement on her mother made it sound as if she knew how men behaved after sex, if they were interested †¦ ‘Drink something,’ she told Andrew as he approached the door with the platter, and she held up her own polystyrene cup to his lips, and he drank some of her vodka. Giggling a little, she backed away to let him out and called after him: ‘Make Sooks come in here and get some!’ The hall was crowded and noisy. Andrew put the pile of fresh sandwiches on the table, but interest in the food seemed to have waned; Sukhvinder was struggling to keep up with demand at the drinks table, and many people had started pouring their own. ‘Gaia wants you in the kitchen,’ Andrew told Sukhvinder, and he took over from her. There was no point acting like a bartender; instead, he filled as many glasses as he could find, and left them on the table for people to help themselves. ‘Hi, Peanut!’ said Lexie Mollison. ‘Can I have some champagne?’ They had been at St Thomas’s together, but he had not seen her for a long time. Her accent had changed since she had been at St Anne’s. He hated being called Peanut. ‘It’s there in front of you,’ he said, pointing. ‘Lexie, you’re not drinking,’ snapped Samantha, appearing out of the crowd. ‘Absolutely not.’ ‘Grandad said – ‘ ‘I don’t care.’ ‘Everyone else – ‘ ‘I said no!’ Lexie stomped away. Andrew, glad to see her go, smiled at Samantha, and was surprised when she beamed at him. ‘Do you talk back to your parents?’ ‘Yeah,’ he said, and she laughed. Her breasts really were enormous. ‘Ladies and gentlemen!’ boomed a voice through the microphone, and everyone stopped talking to listen to Howard. ‘Wanted to say a few words †¦ most of you probably know by now that my son Miles has just been elected to the Parish Council!’ There was a smattering of applause and Miles raised his drink high above his head to acknowledge it. Andrew was startled to hear Samantha say quite clearly under her breath, ‘Hoo-fucking-ray.’ Nobody was coming for drinks now. Andrew slipped back into the kitchen. Gaia and Sukhvinder were alone in there, drinking and laughing, and when they saw Andrew they both shouted, ‘Andy!’ He laughed too. ‘Are you both pissed?’ ‘Yes,’ said Gaia, and ‘no,’ said Sukhvinder. ‘She is, though.’ ‘I don’t care,’ said Gaia. ‘Mollison can sack me if he wants. No point saving up for a ticket to Hackney any more.’ ‘He won’t sack you,’ said Andrew, helping himself to some of the vodka. ‘You’re his favourite.’ ‘Yeah,’ said Gaia. ‘Creepy old bastard.’ And the three of them laughed again. Through the glass doors, amplified by the microphone, came Maureen’s croaky voice. ‘Come on, then, Howard! Come on – a duet for your birthday! Go on – ladies and gentlemen – Howard’s favourite song!’ The teenagers gazed at each other in tantalized horror. Gaia tripped forward, giggling, and pushed the door open. The first few bars of ‘The Green, Green Grass of Home’ blared out, and then, in Howard’s bass and Maureen’s gravelly alto: The old home town looks the same, As I step down from the train †¦ Gavin was the only one who heard the giggles and snorts, but when he turned around all he saw were the double doors to the kitchen, swinging a little on their hinges. Miles had left to chat with Aubrey and Julia Fawley, who had arrived late, wreathed in polite smiles. Gavin was in the grip of a familiar mixture of dread and anxiety. His brief sunlit haze of freedom and happiness had been overcast by the twin threats of Gaia blabbing what he had said to her mother, and of Mary leaving Pagford for ever. What was he going to do? Down the lane I walk, with my sweet Mary, Hair of gold and lips like cherries †¦ ‘Kay not here?’ Samantha had arrived, leaning against the table beside him, smirking. ‘You already asked me that,’ said Gavin. ‘No.’ ‘Everything OK with you two?’ ‘Is that really any of your business?’ It slipped out of him before he could stop it; he was sick of her constant probing and jeering. For once, it was just the two of them; Miles was still busy with the Fawleys. She over-acted being taken aback. Her eyes were bloodshot and her speech was deliberate; for the first time, Gavin felt more dislike than intimidation. ‘I’m sorry. I was only – ‘ ‘Asking. Yeah,’ he said, as Howard and Maureen swayed, arm in arm. ‘I’d like to see you settled down. You and Kay seemed good together.’ ‘Yeah, well, I like my freedom,’ said Gavin. ‘I don’t know many happily married couples.’ Samantha had drunk too much to feel the full force of the dig, but she had the impression that one had been made. ‘Marriages are always a mystery to outsiders,’ she said carefully. ‘Nobody can ever really know except the two people involved. So you shouldn’t judge, Gavin.’ ‘Thanks for the insight,’ he said, and irritated past endurance he set down his empty beer can and headed towards the cloakroom. Samantha watched him leave, sure that she had had the best of the encounter, and turned her attention to her mother-in-law, whom she could see through a gap in the crowd, watching Howard and Maureen sing. Samantha relished Shirley’s anger, which was expressed in the tightest, coldest smile she had worn all evening. Howard and Maureen had performed together many a time over the years; Howard loved to sing, and Maureen had once performed backing vocals for a local skiffle band. When the song finished, Shirley clapped her hands together once; she might have been summoning a flunkey, and Samantha laughed out loud and moved along to the bar end of the table, which she was disappointed to find unmanned by the boy in the bow tie. Andrew, Gaia and Sukhvinder were still convulsed in the kitchen. They laughed because of Howard and Maureen’s duet, and because they had finished two-thirds of the vodka, but mostly they laughed because they laughed, feeding off each other until they could barely stand. The little window over the sink, propped ajar so that the kitchen did not become too steamy, rattled and clattered, and Fats’ head appeared through it. ‘Evening,’ he said. Evidently he had climbed onto something outside, because, with a noise of scraping and a heavy object falling over, more and more of him emerged through the window until he landed heavily on the draining board, knocking several glasses to the ground, where they shattered. Sukhvinder walked straight out of the kitchen. Andrew knew immediately that he did not want Fats there. Only Gaia seemed unperturbed. Still giggling, she said, ‘There’s a door, you know.’ ‘No shit?’ said Fats. ‘Where’s the drink?’ ‘This is ours,’ said Gaia, cradling the vodka in her arms. ‘Andy nicked it. You’ll have to get your own.’ ‘Not a problem,’ said Fats coolly, and he walked through the doors into the hall. ‘Need the loo †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ mumbled Gaia, and she stowed the vodka bottle back under the sink, and left the kitchen too. Andrew followed. Sukhvinder had returned to the bar area, Gaia was disappearing into the bathroom, and Fats was leaning against the trestle table with a beer in one hand and a sandwich in the other. ‘Didn’t think you’d want to come to this,’ said Andrew. ‘I was invited, mate,’ said Fats. ‘It was on the invitation. Whole Wall family.’ ‘Does Cubby know you’re here?’ ‘Dunno,’ said Fats. ‘He’s in hiding. Didn’t get ol’ Barry’s seat after all. The whole social fabric’ll collapse now Cubby’s not holding it together. Fucking hell, that’s horrible,’ he added, spitting out a mouthful of sandwich. ‘Wanna fag?’ The hall was so noisy, and the guests so raucously drunk, that nobody seemed to care where Andrew went any more. When they got outside, they found Patricia Mollison, alone beside her sports car, looking up at the clear starry sky, smoking. ‘You can have one of these,’ she said, offering her packet, ‘if you want.’ After she had lit their cigarettes, she stood at her ease with one hand balled deep in her pocket. There was something about her that Andrew found intimidating; he could not even bring himself to glance at Fats, to gauge his reaction. ‘I’m Pat,’ she told them, after a little while. ‘Howard and Shirley’s daughter.’ ‘Hi,’ said Andrew. †M Andrew.’ ‘Stuart,’ said Fats. She did not seem to need to prolong conversation. Andrew felt it as a kind of compliment and tried to emulate her indifference. The silence was broken by footsteps and the sound of muffled girls’ voices. Gaia was dragging Sukhvinder outside by the hand. She was laughing, and Andrew could tell that the full effect of the vodka was still intensifying inside her. ‘You,’ said Gaia, to Fats, ‘are really horrible to Sukhvinder.’ ‘Stop it,’ said Sukhvinder, tugging against Gaia’s hand. ‘I’m serious – let me – ‘ ‘He is!’ said Gaia breathlessly. ‘You are! Do you put stuff on her Facebook?’ ‘Stop it!’ shouted Sukhvinder. She wrenched herself free and plunged back inside the party. ‘You are horrible to her,’ said Gaia, grabbing onto the railings for support. ‘Calling her a lesbian and stuff †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ ‘Nothing wrong with being a lesbian,’ said Patricia, her eyes narrowed through the smoke she was inhaling. ‘But then, I would say that.’ Andrew saw Fats look at Pat sideways. ‘I never said there was anything wrong with it. It’s only jokes,’ he said. Gaia slid down the rails to sit on the chilly pavement, her head in her arms. ‘You all right?’ Andrew asked. If Fats had not been there, he would have sat down too. ‘Pissed,’ she muttered. ‘Might do better to stick your fingers down your throat,’ suggested Patricia, looking down at her dispassionately. ‘Nice car,’ Fats said, eyeing the BMW. ‘Yeah,’ said Patricia. ‘New. I make double what my brother makes,’ she said, ‘but Miles is the Christ Child. Miles the Messiah †¦ Parish Councillor Mollison the Second †¦ of Pagford. Do you like Pagford?’ she asked Fats, while Andrew watched Gaia breathing deeply, her head between her knees. ‘No,’ said Fats. ‘It’s a shithole.’ ‘Yeah, well †¦ I couldn’t wait to leave, personally. Did you know Barry Fairbrother?’ ‘A bit,’ said Fats. Something in his voice made Andrew worried. ‘He was my reading mentor at St Thomas’s,’ said Patricia, with her eyes still on the end of the street. ‘Lovely bloke. I would have come back for the funeral, but Melly and I were in Zermatt. What’s all this stuff my mother’s been gloating about †¦ this Barry’s Ghost stuff?’ ‘Someone putting stuff on the Parish Council website,’ said Andrew hastily, afraid of what Fats might say, if he let him. ‘Rumours and stuff.’ ‘Yeah, my mother would love that,’ said Patricia. ‘Wonder what the Ghost’ll say next?’ Fats asked, with a sidelong glance at Andrew. ‘Probably stop now the election’s over,’ muttered Andrew. ‘Oh, I dunno,’ said Fats. ‘If there’s stuff old Barry’s Ghost is still pissed off about †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ He knew that he was making Andrew anxious and he was glad of it. Andrew was spending all his time at his poxy job these days, and he would soon be moving. Fats did not owe Andrew anything. True authenticity could not exist alongside guilt and obligation. ‘You all right down there?’ Patricia asked Gaia, who nodded, with her face still hidden. ‘What was it, the drink or the duet that made you feel sick?’ Andrew laughed a little bit, out of politeness and because he wanted to keep the subject away from the Ghost of Barry Fairbrother. ‘Turned my stomach too,’ said Patricia. ‘Old Maureen and my father singing along together. Arm in arm.’ Patricia took a final fierce drag on her cigarette and threw the end down, grinding it beneath her heel. ‘I walked in on her blowing him when I was twelve,’ she said. ‘And he gave me a fiver not to tell my mother.’ Andrew and Fats stood transfixed, scared even to look at each other. Patricia wiped her face on the back of her hand: she was crying. ‘Shouldn’t have bloody come,’ she said. ‘Knew I shouldn’t.’ She got into the BMW, and the two boys watched, stunned, as she turned on the engine, reversed out of her parking space and drove away into the night. ‘Fuck me,’ said Fats. ‘I think I might be sick,’ whispered Gaia. ‘Mr Mollison wants you back inside – for the drinks.’ Her message delivered, Sukhvinder darted away again. ‘I can’t,’ whispered Gaia. Andrew left her there. The din in the hall hit him as he opened the inner doors. The disco was in full swing. He had to move aside to allow Aubrey and Julia Fawley room to leave. Both, with their backs to the party, looked grimly pleased to be going. Samantha Mollison was not dancing, but was leaning up against the trestle table where, so recently, there had been rows and rows of drinks. While Sukhvinder rushed around collecting glasses, Andrew unpacked the last box of clean ones, set them out and filled them. ‘Your bow tie’s crooked,’ Samantha told him, and she leaned across the table and straightened it for him. Embarrassed, he ducked into the kitchen as soon as she let go. Between each load of glasses he put in the dishwasher, Andrew took another swig of the vodka he had stolen. He wanted to be drunk like Gaia; he wanted to return to that moment when they had been laughing uncontrollably together, before Fats had appeared. After ten minutes, he checked the drinks table again; Samantha was still propped up against it, glassy-eyed, and there were plenty of fresh-poured drinks left for her to enjoy. Howard was bobbing in the middle of the dance floor, sweat pouring down his face, roaring with laughter at something Maureen had said to him. Andrew wound his way through the crowd and back outside. He could not see where she was at first: then he spotted them. Gaia and Fats were locked together ten yards away from the door, leaning up against the railings, bodies pressed tight against each other, tongues working in each other’s mouths. ‘Look, I’m sorry, but I can’t do it all,’ said Sukhvinder desperately from behind him. Then she spotted Fats and Gaia and let out something between a yelp and a sob. Andrew walked back into the hall with her, completely numb. In the kitchen, he poured the remainder of the vodka into a glass and downed it in one. Mechanically he filled the sink and set to washing out the glasses that could not fit in the dishwasher. The alcohol was not like dope. It made him feel empty, but also keen to hit someone: Fats, for instance. After a while, he realized that the plastic clock on the kitchen wall had leapt from midnight to one and that people were leaving. He was supposed to find coats. He tried for a while, but then lurched off to the kitchen again, leaving Sukhvinder in charge. Samantha was leaning up against the fridge, on her own, with a glass in her hand. Andrew’s vision was strangely jerky, like a series of stills. Gaia had not come back. She was doubtless long gone with Fats. Samantha was talking to him. She was drunk too. He was not embarrassed by her any more. He suspected that he might be sick quite soon. ‘ †¦ hate bloody Pagford †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ said Samantha, and, ‘but you’re young enough to get out.’ ‘Yeah,’ he said, unable to feel his lips. ‘An’ I will. ‘Nigh will.’ She pushed his hair off his forehead and called him sweet. The image of Gaia with her tongue in Fats’ mouth threatened to obliterate everything. He could smell Samantha’s perfume, coming in waves from her hot skin. ‘That band’s shit,’ he said, pointing at her chest, but he did not think she heard him. Her mouth was chapped and warm, and her breasts were huge, pressed against his chest; her back was as broad as his – ‘What the fuck?’ Andrew was slumped against the draining board and Samantha was being dragged out of the kitchen by a big man with short greying hair. Andrew had a dim idea that something bad had happened, but the strange flickering quality of reality was becoming more and more pronounced, until the only thing to do was to stagger across the room to the bin and throw up again and again and again †¦ ‘Sorry, you can’t come in!’ he heard Sukhvinder tell someone. ‘Stuff piled up against the door!’ He tied the bin bag tightly on his own vomit. Sukhvinder helped him clear the kitchen. He needed to throw up twice more, but both times managed to get to the bathroom. It was nearly two o’clock by the time Howard, sweaty but smiling, thanked them and said goodnight. ‘Very good work,’ he said. ‘See you tomorrow, then. Very good †¦ where’s Miss Bawden, by the way?’ Andrew left Sukhvinder to come up with a lie. Out in the street, he unchained Simon’s bicycle and wheeled it away into the darkness. The long cold walk back to Hilltop House cleared his head, but assuaged neither his bitterness nor his misery. Had he ever told Fats that he fancied Gaia? Maybe not, but Fats knew. He knew that Fats knew †¦ were they, perhaps, shagging right now? I’m moving, anyway, Andrew thought, bent over and shivering as he pushed the bicycle up the hill. So fuck them †¦ Then he thought: I’d better be moving †¦ Had he just snogged Lexie Mollison’s mother? Had her husband walked in on them? Had that really happened? He was scared of Miles, but he also wanted to tell Fats about it, to see his face †¦ When he let himself into the house, exhausted, Simon’s voice came out of the darkness from the kitchen. ‘Have you put my bike in the garage?’ He was sitting at the kitchen table, eating a bowl of cereal. It was nearly half-past two in the morning. ‘Couldn’t sleep,’ said Simon. For once, he was not angry. Ruth was not there, so he did not have to prove himself bigger or smarter than his sons. He seemed weary and small. ‘Think we’re gonna have to move to Reading, Pizza Face,’ said Simon. It was almost a term of endearment. Shivering slightly, feeling old and shell-shocked, and immensely guilty, Andrew wanted to give his father something to make up for what he had done. It was time to redress balances and claim Simon as an ally. They were a family. They had to move together. Perhaps it could be better, somewhere else. ‘I’ve got something for you,’ he said. ‘Come through here. Found out how to do it at school †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ And he led the way to the computer. How to cite Part Five Chapter III, Essay examples

Marriott Transforms Key Finance Processes †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Marriott Transforms Key Finance Processes. Answer: Introduction: Marriott hotel made use of the different technology while offering the services to their business class customers. Moreover, after considering the need of the customer the company introduced meeting rooms and e-conferencing services. Most of the business customer needs a separate meeting room so that they can accomplish their objective of visit effectively. It is suggested to the company to add 86,000 square feet of meeting space that include the ballroom in it (Marriott International, 2016). Considering the data analysis done by the hotel in the case study it has been analyzed that business travellers who are concern about the environment are sizable these days. The company has already developed the prototype green hotels. After considering the case study, it is suggested to the company to form the tie-ups with the suppliers who operate in the environmentally friendly ways. These suppliers offer pads that are made from recycled paper for attendees of the business meetings. Marriott can get the key cards made up of recycled plastic as through this the company can contribute to the conserving environment. The pillow available in the guest room will be made from recycled plastic bottles. In addition, this will reflect that the company is following the obligation of the US environment protection Agency. An iron ore company has signed the contract for fly in and fly out a business customer for three years. FIFO is the method of hiring people in remote areas by flying them temporarily to work site. After analyzing the case study it can be said that Marriott could use different research techniques for identifying the needs of the customers so that the company can offer those facilities and services that can meet the needs. The techniques include focus group, online surveys, and in-room questionnaires. These survey and focus groups help the Hotel in understanding the need so that they can design the facilities according. For instance, considering focus group analysis given in the case study; most of the visitors like rooms from which they can see the beauty of nature. Considering the data, the Marriott can allocate those rooms that provide view towards nature. According to the case study analysis, Marriot could set the central database system with the help of which they can capture the details regarding the visits of the customers. Basically, it includes how long the customers stayed in Hotel, how many times they visited and many others. This helps in understanding the past experience and preference of visitors. In the form of internal data, the company can make use of ERP system in which the managers (finance director, manager, etc.) have to log in and can track the data (Marriott International, Inc. Hospitality, Travel and Leisure, 2018). It is suggested to the company to conduct a meeting with their staff so that they can share the lope holes in facilities as staff interacts with the customer on regular basis. Marriott hotel has built the advanced conference facilities at Perth and Hobart. This helps the onshore and offshore business stakeholders to communicate effectively. The approach of market segmentation refers to a process of dividing a broad customer or business market. Through this approach, the Hotel can identify the target market for the Perth and Hobart cities. Demographic- It includes the customer of different age, income, family size and others. Marriott generally focuses on the Business people or business travelers. Psychographic- These segments include the customers belongs to the different lifestyle, class, values, and interests. Maximum businessmen believe belong to the high class and follow the modern lifestyle. Behavioral- It includes the people having a different perception of the products and services offered by the company. Marriott is known in the market because of its services and business visitor who visit frequently because they find that the company is able to fulfill their requirements. Considering the segmentation approach, the hotel makes use of differentiate targeting in which they focus on business travellers who belong to higher income groups and who believe in class and status according to case study. Strategies to create customer value The hotel can bring the changes in their interiors of the business classrooms according to the client preferences which will make them feel valuable. The hotel can provide them laptop or desktop facility in rooms. Personalise business travellers and can check their frequency of visit in a hotel according to that they can make complementary for their clients considering their preference. References Marriott International (2016) Marriott International to Expand and Improve Offerings to Business Travel Professionals [Online]. Available from: https://news.marriott.com/2016/07/marriott-international-expand-improve-offerings-business-travel-professionals/ [Accessed on 23rd March 2018] Marriott International, Inc. Hospitality, Travel, and Leisure (2018) Marriott Transforms Key Finance Processes [Online]. Available from: https://www.xerox.com/downloads/gbr/en/gdo/casestudies/MarriottInternational-UKEnglish.pdf [Accessed on 23rd March 2018]

Pecos Bill Summary and Analysis of the Story

Table of Contents Introduction: Pecos Bill as a Tall Tale Character Summary of Pecos Bill Interpretations of Pecos Bill My Own Interpretation of Pecos Bill Conclusion Works Cited Introduction: Pecos Bill as a Tall Tale Character Pecos Bill is probably the most famous American tall tale character. A tall tale is a story that can be true or invented but is anyway hard to believe. Pecos Bill is a story about the adventures of a cowboy who was raised by coyotes. With time, this boy understood that he is not an animal but a human, and he got a chance to change his life with coyotes and continued his life with people. The first stories about Pecos Bill were written by Edward O’Reilly and published in 1917. Since then, lots of writers presented their ideas as for the facts of Bill’s biography, and almost every plot attracts readers’ attention in its own way.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Pecos Bill: Summary and Analysis of the Story specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Stephen Krensky is one of the authors who present his version of the Bill’s story. The summary of his work will be presented in this paper. To my mind, this Pecos Bill tall tale version touches numerous psychological aspects that help to improve children’s lives and their comprehension of this world. Pacos Bill is the story that teaches not to be afraid of difficulties, be friendly, and not to envy people. Summary of Pecos Bill Nowadays, there are lots of variations of Bill’s story. The summary of all those stories is the same. A boy was lost by his parents in the process of traveling and was found and grew up by coyotes, and then became one of the most powerful and famous cowboys among people. However, many writers cannot come to the same conclusion concerning the matter of Bill’s death. Some of the stories tell that Bill laughed himself to death when he saw another cowboy in very strange and funny clothes. Other stories inform that he â€Å"washed down a meal of barbed wire with nitroglycerin† (Haxen, 55). Interpretations of Pecos Bill Bruno Bettelheim was one of the most famous child psychologists and writers in the middle of the 1900s. His The Uses of Enchantment is a beautiful work that may help to analyze the story about the cowboy Bill. This psychologist admits that folktales are created to help modern children to grow up and comprehend what it means to become a hero without any outside help. Pecos Bill, who is able to use   his powers, his knowledge, and abilities, becomes influential and known. That is why, according to a child psychologist Bruno Bettelheim, Pecos Bill may be considered as a somewhat successful story for children and their perception of the world. Another professor in psychology and a critique of folktales is Jack David Zipes. He underlines that tall tales should present more reliable information about US history and the development of the events in the form of fiction (Zipes, 193). Pecos Bill’s tall tale introduces several quire exciting facts about the West; this is why Jack Zipes regarded Pecos Bill as a powerful and useful fairy tale for children.Advertising Looking for research paper on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More My Own Interpretation of Pecos Bill After reading the story about this cowboy, I cannot but admire the courage of this person, his desire to live and develop. To my mind, the legend of Pecos Bill is one of the most powerful from the psychological aspects, because it teaches the reader to accept the situation as it is, but not try to change it in accordance with personal preferences. Of course, it is just a fiction, but still, even grown-ups can find much interesting in it. When a little boy finds himself around the coyotes, he does not scare and does not cry. Such a reaction causes respect fo r coyotes, and they accept him as a member of their own family. If we look closer at this story, it is possible to realize that any respect may be gained in much more difficult situations, which happen to people. It is necessary to demonstrate one’s power and will. Conclusion Along with Paul Bunyan, John Henry, Joe Magarac and others, Pecos Bill is a very famous American tall tale character. The adventures of this fictional cowboy are described and shown   in numerous books, movies, and cartoons. In summary, Bill’s stories make up a significant part of child literature that may become educative for grown-ups. Numerous interpretations of the story prove how significant the story of Bill is for modern society. That is why people should pay more attention to literature for kids to become an important part of this world. Works Cited Haxen, Walter. High-Interest Reading. Columbus, Ohio: School Specialty Publishing, 1999. Zipes, Jack, D. Speaking out: Storytelling and Crea tive Drama for Children. New York: Routledge, 2004. This research paper on Pecos Bill: Summary and Analysis of the Story was written and submitted by user Valerie Kent to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Preparation of 1 Bromobutane Essays

Preparation of 1 Bromobutane Essays Preparation of 1 Bromobutane Paper Preparation of 1 Bromobutane Paper The aim of the experiment is to produce 1 Bromobutane, an alkane within the bromine group on the terminal group.Chemical SafetyChemicalHazardsSafety measuresSodium BromideNo hazardsNoneButan 1 olHarmful vapour, in liquid state chemical is harmful to skin, can be absorbed and cause internal damage. Flammable.Wear goggles and gloves.If spilled ventilate area and wash contact area.Sulphuric AcidVery Corrosive to eyes, skin and materials.Wear gloves and goggles.For large spillage spread sodium carbonate on spill and wash with waterIf contact with skin occurs wash with water.Sodium HydroxideCorrosive.Skin contact harmful.Solution can cause burns.Very dangerous to eyes.Wear cloves and goggles.If contact with skin or eyes occurs wash thoroughly with water.DiagramMethod* Set the equipment up as shown above (picture 1)* Dissolve 8g of sodium bromide in 10cm3 of pure water and stir to create a homologous solution* Add the sodium bromide to 7 cm3 of butan-1-ol in a 50 cm3 pear shaped flask. To this then add 10 cm3 of concentrated sulphuric acid 1 cm3 at a time.* Mix the solution together by swirling the beaker and then cool under a running tap.* Attach the pear shaped flask to the remainder of the set up equipment and heat until the contents are boiling gently. To prevent over heating use a small Bunsen burner and a gauze.(N.b As the gas given of at this stage of the reaction is hydrogen bromide the experiment must either be carried out in a fume cupboard)* Reflux the solution for half an hour and then re-set the equipment up for direct distillation as shown above (picture B).* Distil the liquid in the flask using a small Bunsen burner. When no more oily drops are obtained stop the distillation. Do not distil the liquid to dryness for the saftey reasons outlined in the hazards table above.* Leave the distillate to settle into two layers, an upper aqueous layer and a lower alkyl bromide layer.* Separate the layers with a separating funnel, disca rding the top layer.* This leaves the alkyl bromide layer, which is still full of impurities. These include unchanged butan 1 ol, water, hydrogen bromide, bromine and sulphur dioxide.* To purify the alkyl bromide layer transfer the liquid into a separating funnel. Mix the compound with 10 cm3 of pure water, again leave the solution to settle and separate the two layers.* Now mix the bottom layer with 10 cm3 of 2 molar sodium hydroxide. This is to remove the acidic impurities and bromine.* Once the solution has settled run the bottom layer of the solution off into a dry conical flask, and add several pieces of anhydrous calcium chloride.* The liquid will turn cloudy due to the suspended droplets of water. To get rid of these allow the liquid to dry for about ten minutes, swirling the flask occasionally until the liquid becomes clear.* When clear filter the liquid through cotton wool into another clear dry 50 cm3 pear-shaped flask. Add a small amount of powdered pumice and distil, c ollecting the 1 bromobutane that will boil of between 99à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C and 103à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C. This will produce a yield of about 7g or 5.5 cm3, which is 65% of the theoretical yield.EquationC4H9OH + NaBr + H2SO4 = C4H9Br + NaHSO4 + H2OMechanismThe first stage of the reaction the sodium bromide reacts with sulphuric acid and forms hydrogen bromide and sodium hydrogen sulphate:NaBr + H2SO4 = HBr + NaHSO4The hydrogen bromide is then oxidised to bromine molecules due to the fact that concentrated sulphuric acid is a very good oxidising agent. The sulphuric acid reacts to form sulphur dioxide gas:HBr + H2SO4 Br2 + 2SO2 (g)During the next stage of the reaction the hydrogen bromide dissociates and the bromide ion from it attacks the Carbon atom with the -OH function group in Butan-1-ol and displaces the -OH function group forming a bromo function group and a hydroxide ion. This bromo group then associates itself with another H+ ion to form water:CH3CH2CH2CH2OH + Br- CH3CH2CH2CH2Br + OH-In the final stage a molecule of sulphuric acid attacks the lone pair on an -OH function group. This releases a molecule of water, and a mixture of Butoxybutane and But-1-ene is formed, along with the regenerated Sulphuric Acid:CH3CH2CH2CH2OH + H2SO4 CH3CH2CH=CH2 + H2O + H2SO4or2 CH3CH2CH2CH2OH + H2SO4 CH3(CH2)3O(CH2)3CH3 + H2O + H2SO4ResultsMass of NaBr in pot = 11.47gMass of pot = 3.49gMass of Sodium Bromide = 7.98gMass of collecting beaker = 54.25gMass of distillation and beaker = 58.47gMass of 1 bromobutane collected = 4.22gYield ObtainedTheoretical yield = (moles of limiting reagent)(stoichiometric ratio; desired product/limiting reagent)(Mr of desired product)= (0.0941 mole)(1 mole / 1 mole)(137.03g/ mole)= 12.9gActual mass gained = 4.22gTherefore actual yield = (Actual yield / Theoretical yield) x 100= (4.22/12.9) x 100= 32.7%ConclusionFrom my experiment I have found out that the practical yield of 1 bromobutane when made from butan 1 ol, is a lot lower than the theoretical yield, which was stated in a textbook. This difference in yields could be caused by several reasons most of which are down to human error. The first of these human errors could have occurred whilst the liquids were being decanted from one another, at this stage some of the 1 bromobutane may have been left in the beaker and discarded as to keep the amount of impurities in the flask to a minimum. Another human error, which may have caused a lower yield, would be during direct distillation where the temperature may not have been kept between 99 and 103?c. This would have reduced the yield as the chemicals collected would not be pure and therefore the yield would not be as large. A final human error may have occurred whilst waiting for the substance to dry after the anhydrous calcium chloride has been added, this would have caused a reduced yield as again the substance which was final distilled would have been less pure. Therefore the amount of 1 bromobutane boiled off between the frac tions would have been lower than in the theoretical experiment.Another reason that the yield may have been lower other than human error would have been any impurities within the solutions, if these impurities did occur then the boiling temperatures of the substances might have been altered. This would effect the amount of substance that is collected in a fraction temperature range and have an overall effect on the final yield. A final reason the practical yield may have been smaller than the theoretical yield is that the reactants may not have been mixed together at optimum conditions, which would reduce the rate of reaction and therefore reduce the final yield.When running the experiment two changes were made, the first was that instead of using potassium bromide as first planned sodium bromide was used. This is because sodium bromide was easier to get a hold of and was more likely to give a decent yield of 1 bromobutane at the end of the experiment. Another change that was made wa s that at the first distillation, instead of waiting for all the oily drops to fall the only fraction collected was that which boiled of between 99 to 103?c, the boiling point of 1 bromobutane. This increased the accuracy of the experiment as instead of using qualitative information to decide when to stop distilling the liquid we were using quantitative, making the distil more accurate.Overall however the experiment produced a decent yield of bromobutane even though it was not as high as that worked out in the theoretical experiment.EvaluationOverall I feel that the experiment went well as the final yield produced was at least half of the theoretical yield. However there were a few sources of error and these have been highlighted in the conclusion.There are several ways that some of these problems could have been eradicated, and therefore the final yield would have been even greater. One of the easiest problems would have been to use sensors during distillation to record the tempera ture this would mean that fewer impurities would have been boiled off by accident. Also by setting up the experiment so it was easier to change between conical flasks would reduce that amount of distil which was missed during the change over. Another improvement to increase the yield would be to run the experiment at optimum conditions, which would promote a faster rate of reaction due to more collisions occurring and therefore more products being formed and a higher yield being collected.A final improvement to gain a higher yield would be to have allowed the solution to dry for longer this again would cut out some more impurities and therefore increase the yield. This was not done during the actual exam as time was running out and instead of letting the solution settle and then filter out the solid, the solution was allowed to settle and then the clear layers were removed and placed into the pear shaped flask using a pipette.Even though there were some areas in which the experiment could have been improved I feel that the experiment went to a decent degree of accuracy and this is shown by the fact that I got quite a large percent of the theoretical yield in my practical yield.

Unit 6 n&w Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Unit 6 n&w - Coursework Example For instance if the calcium intake is poor, the baby will draw calcium from the mother’s bones. Low folate levels can lead to birth defects. The article specifies the quantity of each of the nutrients essential for a healthy baby and a healthy pregnancy term. The article does suggest recommended servings but does not specify what food should be avoided during pregnancy. As far as exercises and weight gain is concerned, it has been suggested to consult the doctor. Another article, written for BabyCenter (2008), details exactly what should and should not be eaten during pregnancy. While the first article suggests that extra 300 calories are required from the second trimester, this article suggests that 200 calories are required from the third trimester only. The article for BabyCenter gives more importance to the quality of food than to the quantity. It highlights the food that should particularly be avoided and advises some antenatal vitamin-mineral supplement along with food. It strongly advises against weight loss during pregnancy and weight gain should be gradual. The second article is much more comprehensive as it gives more details on a balanced diet while suggesting against particular foods during pregnancy. It also explains the reasons behind its advices. Thus, comparing it with what we have learned, it is not only important to know whet to eat but equally important to know what should be avoided. Secondly, it is not important to adhere to 3 to 5 meals per day but it should be tailored according to what the body can take. An individual body may take food in small quantities 5 to 6 times a day and this is considered normal. However, alcohol, caffeine and junk food should be avoided as far as possible during pregnancy. According to World Health Organization infants should be exclusively breastfed for the first six months for optimal growth, health and development (Health Canada, 2005). Thereafter they should be gradually introduced to

Devolution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Devolution - Essay Example Regional or local governments who get the power of home rule may also get some legal powers to have their own legislative framework and legal rules which they can apply to their region exclusively. In the United Kingdom, a case of devolution in seen in the 1997 referenda in Wales and Scotland when a devolved or regional government was created and this was followed by the establishment of Scottish Parliament, National Assembly for Wales, Northern Ireland Assembly and Greater London Assembly in 1999 (see O'Neill 2004; Trench 2004). The proposals for a devolved state in Wales and Scotland were made in 1979 although the actual implementation of such a proposal could only be made two decades later. However there have been no devolved governments or devolution within England as the Labour government faced defeat in their proposals for a devolved regional government in North East England in 2004. Since then there have been no successful plans of devolution or formation of local and regional governments within England and all are failed plans. Apart from Wales and Scotland, there has been a system of home rule in the US as District of Columbia represents a regional and devolved government and is under the sole control of the United States Congress and the district government was created by statute. ... Fothergill discusses three government reports to argue that the new directions set by the Labour government do not take account of the accumulated knowledge or even the long history and background of the UK regional policy, Thus the regional policies which are already existing have serious lessons to impart which the new approach of Labour government seems to be overlooking or ignoring. The paper further states that, 'The new approach (of Labour) also prioritizes the devolution of decision-making over positive discrimination from the centre in favour of less prosperous areas'. Thus devolution has become not just a means of constitutional settlement but a dynamic process of change with possible uncertain consequences. In the later part of the analysis we will consider the process of devolution using case studies, examples and research reports. Implications of Devolution Even following devolution, there are many issues and concerns that are applicable to devolved governments. Elliott et al (2005) write that public sector pay is of critical concerns to governments of Westminster and Edinburgh. Public sector pay accounts for the major part of the government's expenditure and when not controlled by the central government, may have to be controlled according to budget in case of regional or devolved governments. The quality and range of services provided by the public sector is largely dependent on this pay controlled by the government. Within the UK, there is a national rate of pay that may not be sensitive to labour market conditions. However many recent changes have been made and consequently in Scotland there have been pay scale revisions and "public sector

Comment (critique) on the essay of contemporary utopia titled pico

Comment (critique) on the of contemporary utopia titled pico union - Essay Example Grube and Reeve (328b-331b), in their analysis of Plato’s Republic exert further emphasis on egalitarianism, as a crucial aspect of an ideal community. Based on both authors’ perspectives, it is rather apparent that the principal features of an ideal human community include: prevalence of peace, social equality and diligent service to the community, among other positive attributes. The Magnolia Place, located in LA’s Pico Union is indubitably one of the modern models of utopia. The establishment brings together volunteers from the community including regional and administrative organizations, who aim at increasing access, utilization as well as the quality of local resources, utility services, and support for the underprivileged in the area. The Magnolia Place, therefore, strengthens social relations among community members and improves economic development and opportunities. Even though, the neighborhood within which the organization is located was in the past r egarded as the most insecure in Los Angeles, it has developed into a refuge for the people in the region (N.A 1-2). The transformation is a confirmation of More’s ideology that a Utopian society consists of flawed individuals, who choose to make a positive change in their environs. The establishment depicts volunteers’ effort to foster equality, security and peace, through enabling the disadvantaged to get work, healthcare and reasonably priced housing, in addition to other fundamental

Revenge Themes In Hamlet English Literature Essay

Revenge Themes In Hamlet English Literature Essay Hamlet is a tragic play by William Shakespeare that consists of numerous deaths. It is believed to have been written between the year 1599 and the year 1601. The play is set in Denmark and describes how Prince Hamlet demands revenge on his uncle Claudius for killing his father, who was the previous King, and then rising to the throne and getting hitched to Gertrude, who was Hamlets mother. The play intensely moves the course of real and contrived madness, from devastating grief to livid rage and looks at the themes of revenge, treachery, moral corruption and incest. Hamlet is among the most quoted literature works in the English language, and it is time and again included on the lists of some of the worlds greatest literature. In this regard, it echoes through the literature of the later centuries. One academic, Laurie Osborne, identified the direct control of Hamlet in copious narratives of modern times, and splits them into four main categories.   Ã‚   In this play these two characters Laertes and Hamlet both want to revenge their fathers deaths. Hamlet with his inert and devious approach at the end manages to kill his fathers murderer, who was his uncle Claudius. On the other hand Laertes with his straight and vigorous dedication kills his fathers killer, who was Prince Hamlet. Even though Laertes took a more direct approach than Hamlet not wasting time, they both accomplished their aim but at the eventual price of their lives! During the early 17th century, this Shakespeare play was renowned for its ghoul and vibrant dramatization of misery and lunacy, leading to a demonstration of mad aristocrats and ladies in Caroline and Jacobean drama. Although it stayed well-liked with mass audiences, the late 17th-century restitution critics viewed Hamlet as archaic and disapproved of its lack of modesty and unity. This view drastically changed during the 18th century, when critics considered Hamlet as a champion-a brilliant, pure, young man propelled into ill-fated circumstances. But by the mid-18th century, the advent of Gothic literature brought mystical and psychological readings, returning the Ghost and madness to the forefront. It was not until the late 18th century that performers and critics began to view Hamlet as inconsistent and confusing. These advancements represented an essential change in literary criticism that came to center more on character and less on the plot of the play. By the 19th century, the re were romantic critics who valued Hamlet for its inner, individual divergence that reflected the strong modern emphasis on inner struggles and internal character in general. Even then, critics began to concentrate on Hamlets delay as a character trait and not as a plot device. This focus on internal struggle and character persisted into the 20th century, when criticism split in several directions. Synopsis The central character of Hamlet is Denmarks Prince Hamlet, who is the son of the recently departed King Hamlet and his spouse, Queen Gertrude. During the time the young Hamlet is away at school the brother of the newly deceased King, Claudius, is nominated king and hurriedly marries Gertrude. The play begins on a cold night at the royal Danish castle. Francisco, who is one of the guards, is relieved of his watching duty by Bernardo, another guard, and goes away while Bernardo remains on stage. There after a third guard, Marcellus enters in the company of Horatio, who is Hamlets best friend. The guards notify Horatio that they have seen a spirit that resembles the departed King Hamlet. Once Hamlet heard of the appearance of the Ghost from Horatio, he decides to see the Ghost for himself. During that very night, the spirit comes out again. It guides Hamlet to a secluded place and discloses that it is the actual Ghost of his father and reveals that he, the senior Hamlet, was killed by Claudius who poured poison in his ear. The spirit demands the vengeance of his death. In the course of revenging his fathers death, Hamlet in one way or another caused the death of numerous innocent people. When Gertrude sent for Hamlet to her closet to demand an explanation for his recent behavior, Hamlet obliges. On his way to see Gertrude, Hamlet passed Claudius who was in prayer but vacillates to kill him, thinking that passing away in prayer would send him to heaven. On reaching the queen, a squabble erupts between Gertrude and Hamlet. Polonius, who was spying on the scene, panicked when it looked like Hamlet was about to kill the Queen and cried out for help. Hamlet, believed that it is Claudius who was hiding behind the arras and stabbed violently through the cloth, and instantly killing Polonius With the sad loss of her father, and also her recently lost relationship with Hamlet, Ophelia becomes mad. Her brother, Laertes wants revenge for the death of their father Polonius. Claudius suggests a fencing match that was to be between Hamlet and Laertes, because Hamlet was envious of Laertes expertise with a sword. Because Laertes was enraged at the slaying of his father, he informs the king that he would also poison the tip of his sword so that even a mere graze would mean certain demise. If that plan does not work, they would have a glass of wine containing poison that Hamlet would drink from. What can be learned from this is that the thought of revenge is healthy, but, actually going through with it by trying to murder a person who you have a bad connection with may not be a very good idea. The entire events took place mainly because of the slaying of Hamlets father ending up in a big tragedy because of the death of many others even more than the two who were concerned, Claudi us and his nephew Hamlet. Revenge is also demonstrated by Claudius after the death of his friend and most trust worthy chief counselor. Because Claudius feared for his life, he finally came up with a legitimate excuse to get rid of the prince, making plans to send Hamlet to England apparently on a diplomatic trip, and to be closely watched by Guildenstern and Rosencrantz. Alone, Claudius reveals that he is sending Hamlet to his demise. Afterwards a story spreads around that Hamlets ship was assailed by pirates on its way to England. Luckily King Claudius plan fails and Hamlet survives and goes back to Denmark. Claudius wanted to kill hamlet because he was a threat to him and also because he had killed Polonius. The lack of thinking that is used in executing the revenge was what led to the deaths Hamlet and of Laertes. This can be demonstrated when Laertes was planning with Claudius to kill Hamlet using the poisoned tipped sword. Strangely they had not thought that the sword could be used on them. Laertes having believed the Kings accusations that Hamlet had killed his father; he fought Hamlet and wounded him with the poisoned sword. Hamlet went on to wound Laertes with the same poison tipped sword, leading to his death. Hamlet had many opportunities to kill his uncle, but his wrath overshadowed his sound judgment; so he chose to wait until he could find the perfect chance, to smack him down into a world of everlasting damnation. Now might I do it pat, now he is prayingA villain kills my father; and for that, I, his sole son, do this same villain send to heaven?[Act 3, Scene 3, lines 74-98].   Hamlet waits until when he can slay his uncle while he is sinning but unluckily for Hamlet, his n ext chance to take revenge on Claudius is during his own death.   Revenge is also seen when the troupe of actors came to town. Because Hamlet was uncertain if the Ghost had told him the truth, he devised a way in which he could know for sure if his uncle is the one who killed his father. The entrance of a troupe of actors at Ellsinore presented him with a solution. He decided to stage a play that will re-enact his fathers murder so as to determine Claudiuss innocence or guilt by reading his reaction. People assembled at the court to watch the play; Hamlet provided a frantic running commentary throughout the play. When the murder scene is presented, which was a scene of king being killed; Claudius suddenly rose and left the room, which Hamlet sees as proof of his uncles guilt. Work cited Bradbrook M.C. Shakespeare: the poet in his world. Oxon: Methuen and Co. Ltd, 1978 Michael Innes, John Innes and Mackintosh Stewart. Hamlet, Revenge!. Cornwall: House of Stratus, 2001. Prosser, Eleanor. Hamlet revenge. California: Stanford university press, 1971 Rebecca, Dunn. Hamlet. Minnesota: Magic Wagon, 2009

Anything Is Possible :: essays research papers

The rain splattered against my car windshield as I grumpily drove to work. I hated my job, working as a nurse’s aide in a New York hospital. I worked in the children’s section of the hospital. Every day more kids arrived, which meant I had to change more hospital beds and clean up more messes. This was not my idea of fun. The only reason I had taken the job as a nurse’s aide was to make enough money to live in New York City. However, I was thankful that this job would only last two more weeks. Last week my dream had finally come true. I was offered a job in a chorus line of an off Broadway production. Soon I would follow my childhood dream of becoming a Broadway dancer and leave this boring hospital job behind. After parking my car, I tromped through the puddles and into the building. When I hung up my soaking wet hat and coat, I had no idea this day would change my life. As I began to gather up my cleaning supplies to begin my daily routine, I saw one of my co-workers near by. "Are there any new arrivals?" I asked. "As a matter of fact, there are two new kids. They’ll be moving into Room 209." she replied. "You’d better change their bed sheets quickly." I hurried up to Room 209. Every new patient required fresh bed sheets and a clean room. It was my job to make sure they had them. I came in contact with patients quite often because I was always cleaning their rooms. However, I knew it was not a good idea to become attached to any of the kids. Co-workers had informed me that they had become fond of a child, only to have their hearts broken when the child didn’t survive. I had been careful not to make the same mistake. I did my job and didn’t think much about the sick kids. Just as I finished cleaning the room, two young girls entered in wheel chairs. They were both pale and sick. One was a small girl with a look of exhaustion on her face. Her name was Patty. The other girl looked like she was about eleven years old and had pretty brown eyes. When she saw me, she asked me what my name was. "Catherine," I replied. "My name is Angela," she said.